fable < middle english fable
< old french fable (= story, tale, fiction) < latin fabula
(= story, tale, drama) < for [inf. fari] (= to speak).
fabric < middle english fabric
< middle french fabrique < fabriquer < latin [inf. fabricare] (= make, build) < fabrica (= workshop) < faber [gen. fabris] (= workman for hard materials,
smith).
face < middle english face
< old french face < vulgar latin *facia < latin facies (= appearance, form) < facio
[inf. facere] (= make, do).
facile < middle english facile
< middle french facile < latin facilis (= easy) < facio
[inf. facere] (= make, do).
facinorous < latin facinorosus < facinus (= a deed) < facio [inf. facere] (= make, do).
fact < medieval latin fact
(= state, condition) < latin
factum
(= event, occurrence) < factum, neuter past participle of facio
[inf. facere] (= make, do).
factory < middle french factorie
< late latin factorium
(= mill) < latin factor
(= maker) < facio [inf. facere] (=
make, do).
fade < middle english fade
< old french fader (= become weak) < fade (= pale, weak) < (?) vulgar latin
*fatidus
< a blending of latin fatuus (= silly) + vapidus
(= flat).
faggot < middle english faggot
/ fag(g)ald < old french fagot
(= bundle of sticks) < italian fagotto (= bundle of sticks),
a diminutive of vulgar latin *facus < 1. latin fascis (= bundle of wood) or 2. ancient
greek φάκελος |
phakelos (= bundle).
fail < middle english fail
< old french falir (= miss, run out) < vulgar latin *fallio
[inf. fallire] < latin fallo [inf. fallere] (= to trip up).
fair < old english fæger
(= pleasant, beautiful, good) < proto-germanic
*fagraz.
fairy < middle english fairie
< old french faerie
(= fairyland, magic) < fae
(= fay) < latin fata
(= the Fates), plural of fatum (= destiny, fate).
faith < middle english fai(th) / fei(th) < old french feid
/ foi
(= belief) < latin fides
(= belief, trust) < fido [inf.
fidere] (= to trust).
fake < a slang word
from (?) 1. feague (= spruce up) <
german fegen (= polish, clear out) or 2. latin facio
[inf. facere] (= make, do).
falafel < arabic falafil
(= crunchy).
falcate < latin falcatus
(= hooked, curved) < falx
[gen. falcis] (= curved blade, sickle).
falcon < middle english faucon
< old french faucon < late latin falco [gen. falconis] (= falcon) <
latin falx [gen. falcis] (= curved blade, sickle).
fall < old english feallan
(= to drop, fail, die) < proto-germanic *fallanan.
fallow < old english fealu
(= reddish yellow) < proto-germanic
*falwa-.
false < old english false < old french fals
/ faus
(= false, mistaken) < latin
falsus,
past participle of fallo [inf. fallere] (=
deceive).
fame < middle english fame
< old french fame < latin fama (= talk, rumor) < I.E. *bha-(2) (= speak).
family < middle english family
< latin familia (= family servants, members of
a household) < famulus (= servant, slave).
famine < middle english famine
< old french famine < vulgar latin *famina < latin fames (= hunger, starvation).
famous < middle english famous
< anglo-french famous < latin famosus (= much talked) < fama
(= talk, rumor) < I.E. *bha-(2) (= speak).
fan (= ventilator)
< old english fann < latin vannus (= cradle).
fan (= devotee) < american
english fan, a shortening of fanatic [(?) by influenced of fancy (= follower)] < latin fanaticus (= inspired by a god, enthusiastic)
< fanum (= temple).
fanatic < latin fanaticus
(= inspired by a god, enthusiastic, mad) <
fanum
(= temple).
fancy < middle english fantsy
< fantasy < old french fantaisie
/ phantasie
< latin phantasia < ancient greek φαντασία | phantasia (= power of imagination) < φαντάζω | phantazō (= make visible) < φαίνομαι | phaenomae (= appear).
fanfare < french fanfare
(= a sounding of trumpets) < fanfarer
(= blow a fanfare) < (?) 1. imitative
origin or 2. arabic farfar (= chatterer) < imitative origin.
fantastic < middle english fantastic
< middle french fantastique < medieval latin fantasticus < late latin phantasticus < ancient greek φανταστικός | phantastikos (= able to imagine) < φαντάζω | phantazō (= make visible) < φαίνομαι | phaenomae (= appear).
fantasy < middle english fantasy
< old french fantaisie / phantasie < latin phantasia < ancient greek φαντασία | phantassia (= power of imagination) < φαντάζω | phantazō (= make visible) < φαίνομαι | phaenomae (= appear).
far < middle english fer < old english feor
(= to a great distance, long ago) <
proto-germanic *ferro.
farce < middle english farce
< middle french
farce
< old french farcir
(= to stuff) < latin farcio
[inf. farcire] (= to stuff).
fare < old english faran
(= to travel, wander) < proto-germanic
*faranan
(= go).
farm < middle english farm < old french ferme
(= a rent, lease) < medieval latin
firma
(= fixed payment) < latin
firmo
[inf. firmare] (= to fix, settle) < firmus (= strong, stable).
Faroese < faroese
Føroyar
(= sheep-islands) < før (= sheep) + oyar,
plural of oy (= island).
Farrell < irish Fearghail
(= man of valor).
fart < old english feortan
< I.E. *perd- < imitative origin.
fascinate < middle french fasciner
< latin fascinatus,
past participle of fascinare (= bewitch, enchant) < fascinus (= a charm, spell, witchcraft) < (?) ancient greek
βάσκανος |
baskanos (= slander, witchcraft).
fascist < italian [partito nazionale] fascista (= faccist
[national part]) < fascio (= bundle, group) < latin fasces
(= bundle of rods with an axe), plural of fascis (= bundle).
fashion < middle english fasoun
< old french façon
/ fachon
/ fazon
(= face, pattern, design) < latin
factio
[gen. factionis] (= a making) < facio [inf. facere] (=
make, do).
fast (= quick) < old english fæst
(= steadfast, constant) < (?) proto-germanic *fastu- (= firm, fast).
fast (= abstain from food)
< old english fæstan
(= to fast, make firm) < proto-germanic
*fastanan
(= to hold, guard).
fat < old english fætt
(= fat, obese) < fætt, past participle of fættian (= to stuff) < proto-germanic *faitida (= fatted) < *faitjan (= to fatten) < *faita- (= fat).
Fata Morgana < italian Fata (< latin fata,
neuter plural of fatum (= oracle, fate) <
fatum,
neuter past participle of for [inf. fari] (= to speak)) + Morgana (< anglo-french
Morgan
[le Fay], the sister of King Arthur,
in poetry, located in Calabria of Italy < welsh Morgan
(= sea-dweller)).
fate < middle english fate < old french fate
< latin fata, neuter plural of fatum
(= oracle, destiny, fate) < fatum,
neuter past participle of for [inf. fari] (= speak).
father < old english fæder
< proto-germanic *fader
{> old norse faðir, dutch vader, old high german
fatar, german vater} < I.E.
*pəter- (= father) {> old
irish athir, ancient greek πατήρ
| patēr, latin
pater, old persian pita, sanskrit pitar}.
faucet < middle english faucet
< old french fausset
(= breach, spigot) < (?) 1. latin
fauces,
plural of faux (= pharynx) or 2. fausser (= to damage) < late latin falso
[inf. falsare] < falsus,
past participle of fallo [inf. fallere] (=
deceive).
fault < middle english faute
< old french faute
< falte
(= opening, failure, lack) < vulgar latin *fallita
(= a falling) < latin falsus,
past participle of fallo [inf. fallere] (=
deceive).
fauna < late latin Fauna,
a rustic goddess of fertility < latin Faunus, a rustic god of the
countryside.
favor < middle english favor
< old french favor
(= favor, partiality) < latin
favor
(= good will, inclination) < faveo
[inf. favere] (= show kindness).
fax < [1948] a shortening of facsimile < latin fac simile (= make similar) < fac, imperative of facio
[inf. facere] (= make, do) + simile,
neuter of similis (= like, resembling).
Fay < 1. middle
english fei / old french fei (= faith) or 2. fay
(= fairy).
faze < american
english faze < (?) middle english feeze (= frighten, alarm)
< old english fesian
/ fysian
(= drive away) < proto-germanic
*fausjan.
F.B.I. < Federal Bureau of Investigation
[1935].
fear < middle english fere < old english fær
(= sudden danger, peril) < proto-germanic
*feraz
(= danger).
feasible < middle english feasible < anglo-french faisible < old french faisable
(= possible) < faire
(= make) < latin facio
[inf. facere] (= make, do).
feast < middle english
feast < old french feste
(= religious festival, holiday) < latin festa
(= holidays), neuter plural of festus (= festive, merry).
feat < middle english feat < anglo-french fet < old french fait
(= action) < latin factum
(= event) < factum, neuter past participle of facio [inf. facere] (= make, do).
feather < old english feðer
< proto-germanic *fethro
< I.E. *pet-ra-
< *pet- (= to rush, to fly).
feature < middle english feature < anglo-french feture < old french faiture
(= action, form) < latin
factura
(= a formation) < facio
[inf. facere] (= make, do).
February < middle english February < latin februarius
[mensis] (= [month] of purification) [in reference to expiatory rites when this
month was the last month of the ancient Roman calendar] < februo [inf. februare]
(= to purify) < februa
(= expiatory rites), plural of februum (= expiatory offerings).
federal < french fédéral
< latin foedus [gen. foederis] (= covenant, alliance).
fee < middle english fee
< a merger of 1. old english feoh (= cattle, livestock money) (<
proto-germanic *fehu) + 2. anglo-french fee (<
old french fieu < fief (= possession, payment)
< germanic origin).
feeble < middle english feeble
< old french feble
(= weak) < latin flebilis (= lamentable) < fleo [inf. flere] (= weep, cry).
feed < old english fedan
(= nourish) < proto-germanic
*fodjan
< I.E. *pa-
(= to feed).
feel < old english felan
(= perceive, touch) < proto-germanic
*foljanan.
felicitate < late latin felicitatus,
past participle of felicito [inf. felicitare]
(= make happy) < latin felicitas
(= happiness) < felix
[gen. felicis] (= fruitful, happy).
Felix < latin felix
[gen. felicis] (= happy).
fellow < middle english fellow < old english feolaga (= partner) < old norse felagi < fe (= money) + lag (<
proto-germanic *lagam < I.E. *legh- (= to lay).
felony < middle english felony
< old french felonie (= evil, crime) < gallo-roman *fellonia < medieval latin fello
[gen. fellonis] (= evil-doer).
felt < old english felt
< west germanic *feltaz
(= beaten, compressed wool) < proto-germanic
*felt-
(= to beat).
female < middle english female
< old french femelle < medieval latin femella (= a female) < latin femella
(= girl), a diminutive of femina (= woman, female) < I.E. *dhe(i)-
(= to suck).
feminine < middle english feminine
< old french femenin < latin femininus (= feminine) < femina (= woman, female) < I.E. *dhe(i)-
(= to suck).
feng shui <
chinese feng shui < feng
(= wind) + shui (= water).
Ferdinand < germanic Ferdinand
< (?) proto-germanic *fardi-nanth- (= adventurer) < (?) *fardiz
(= journey) + *nanthiz (= risk).
Fergus < gaelic Fearghus
/ old irish Fergus (= man-ability) < latin
vir
(= man) + old irish gus (= ability) (< celtic *gustu-
(= choice)).
ferial < middle english ferial
< old french ferial / medieval latin ferialis < latin feriae
(= holidays).
ferine < latin ferinus
(= of wild animals) < fera
(= wild animal).
ferment < middle english ferment
< old french fermenter < latin fermento
[inf. fermentare] (= to leaven) < fermentum
(= substance for fermentation, leaven) < (?) *fervimentum < fervo [inf. fervere] (= to boil).
fern < old english fearn
(= fern) < proto-germanic
*farno-.
ferocious < latin ferox
[gen. ferocis] (= fierce) < ferus (= wild).
Ferris wheel < [George] Ferris, an American engineer
[who designed it in Chicago in 1893] (< Ferrers < Ferrières, place in Normandy).
ferrous < latin ferreus
(= made of iron) < ferrum
(= iron).
ferry < old english ferian
(= to carry, transport) < proto-germanic
*farjan
(= to ferry).
fertile < middle english fertile
< middle french fertil < latin fertilis
(= fruitful, productive) < fero
[inf. ferre] (= to bear).
fervor < middle english fervor
< old french fervor (= heat, passion) < latin fervor
(= a boiling, passion) < fervo
[inf. fervere] (= to boil).
festival < middle english festival
[day] < old french festival < medieval latin festivalis (= of a church holiday) < latin festum
(= holiday), neuter of festus (= festive, merry).
festive < latin festivus
(= joyous) < festum (= holiday), neuter
of festus
(= festive, merry).
fetch < middle english fecchen < old english feccan
(= to bring, take) < fetian / fatian (= bring near)
< (?) proto-germanic *fetan.
fetish < fatisso < portuguese feitiço
(= charm, sorcery) < latin facticius (= artificial) < facio [inf. facere] (= make, do).
feud < middle english fede
(= hostility) < [(?) via old french fede / faide
(= war, hostility)] < proto-germanic *faihitho.
feudal < medieval latin feudalis < feudum (= feudal estate)
< vulgar latin fevum (= estate) < germanic
origin.
fever < feaver
< old english fefor
/ fefor
(= fever) < latin febris
(= fever).
few < old english feawe
[plural] (= not many) < proto-germanic *fawaz
< I.E. *pau-(1) (= few, little).
fiance / fiancee < french fiancé / fiancée, past participle of
fiancer
(= to betroth) < fiance
(= a promise) < fier
(= to trust) < vulgar latin
*fido
[inf. fidare] (= to trust) < latin fidus
(= faithful).
fiasco < french [faire] fiasco (= [turn out] a failure)
< italian [far] fiasco (= “[make] a bottle”,
[turn out] a failure) < fiasco
(= bottle) < late latin
flasco
(= bottle).
fiber < middle english fibre
< medieval latin fibre < latin fibra
(= fiber, filament).
fiction < middle english ficcioun
< old french ficcion
(= dissimulation, invention) < latin fictio (= a fashioning) < fingo [inf. fingere] (= to form).
fidelity < middle english fidelity
< middle french fidélité
< latin fidelitas)
(= faithfulness) < fidelis (= faithful) <
fides
(= faith).
field < old english feld
(= plain, open land) < (?) old english folde (= earth, land) < proto-germanic *felthan
(= flat land).
fierce < middle english fierce
< old french f(i)ers < f(i)er (= strong, wild, proud) <
latin ferus (= wild, savage).
fig < old french figue
< old provençal figa < vulgar latin *fica
< latin ficus (= fig, fig tree).
fight < old english feohtan
(= to combat, attack, win) < proto-germanic
*fe(u)hta.
figure < middle english
figure < old french
figure
(= shape, body, symbol) < latin
figura
(= shape, form).
file (= papers in order)
< middle english file
< old french filer (= string documents on a thread) < fil (= thread) < latin filum
(= thread, string) < I.E.
*gwhis-lom
< *gwhi- (= thread).
file (= metal tool for smoothing)
< old english feol (= file) < proto-germanic
*fihalo
(= cutting tool) < (?) I.E. *peig- (= to cut).
fill < old english fyllan
(= fill up, complete) < proto-germanic
*fulljanan
(= to fill) < *fullaz (= full).
fillet < middle english fillet
< old french filet (= thread), a diminutive of fil
(= thread) < latin filum
(= thread, string).
film < old english filmen
(= membrane, thin skin) < west
germanic *filminjan < proto-germanic *fello(m) (= animal hide).
filter < middle english
filter < old french
feutre
(= felt, carpet) < medieval latin filtrum (= felt) < west germanic *filtiz.
filth < old english fylð
(= uncleanness, foulness) < proto-germanic
*fulitho
< *fulo- (= foul).
final < middle english
final < old french
final
(= last) < late latin finalis (= final) < finis
(= end).
finance < middle english
finance < old french
finance
(= end, payment expense) < finer (= to end, settle a debt) < fin (= perfected) < latin
finis
(= limit, end).
find < old english findan
(= come upon, discover) < proto-germanic
*findan
(= come upon).
fine < middle english fine
< old french fin
(= perfected) < latin finis (= limit, end).
finger < old english finger
/ fingor
(= finger) < proto-germanic
*fingraz
(= finger) < (?) I.E. *penkwe- (= five).
finish < middle english
finish < old french
fenir
(= stop) < latin finio
[inf. finire] (= to limit, to end) < finis (= limit, end).
Finn < old english finnas < old norse finnr.
fire < old english fyr
(= fire) < proto-germanic
*fūr-
{> old norse fürr, dutch vuur, german Feuer} < I.E. *perjos < *paewr- (= fire).
firm < middle english ferm
< old french ferm
(= strong, steadfast) < latin
firmus
(= strong, stable).
first < old
english fyrst, superlative of fore < proto-germanic *furista-
(= foremost) {> dutch vorst, danish første, german
Fürst} < I.E. *pre-isto-,
superlative of *pre- < *per-(1) (= forward).
fish < old english fisc
< proto-germanic *fiskaz
{> old norse fiskr, middle dutch visc, german
Fisch} < (?) I.E. *pisk- (= a fish).
fissile < latin fissilis
(= shlashed) < fissus,
past participle of findo [inf. findere] (=
to split).
fist < old english fyst
(= clenched hand) < west germanic
*fusti-
< proto-germanic *funhstiz
< (?) I.E. *penkwe- (= five).
fit < middle english fit (=
proper) < (?) fit (= an equal opposite).
five < old
english fif < proto-germanic
*fimfe
{> old norse fimm, dutch vijf, german fünf} < I.E. *penkwe-
(= five) {> latin quinque
(> italian cinque, french cinq, spanish
cinco), ancient greek πέντε | pente}.
fix < middle english fix < (?) old french *fixer (= to fix) < fixe (= fixed) < latin fixus
(= fixed, fast, settled) < figo [inf. figere] (= to fix, fasten).
fjord < norwegian fiord < old norse fjörðr
(= an inlet, estuary) < north germanic *ferthuz
(= ford).
flag < middle english flag
< (?) flag (= flap about loosely)
< (?) flacken / flakken (= to flap, flutter) <
(?) old norse flaka (= to flicker, flutter) <
(?) imitative origin.
flagrant < middle english flagrant
< latin flagrans
[gen. flagrantis], present participle
of flagro
[inf. flagrare] (= to burn) < proto-italic *flagro- (=
burning).
flake < middle english fla(u)ke / flagge < (?) 1. old
english *flacca (= flakes of snow) or 2. old norse flak
(= flat piece) < proto-germanic
*flakaz
(= flat).
flame < middle english flam(m)e / fla(u)me / fla(u)mbe < anglo-french
fla(u)mbe (= flame) < latin flammula (= small flame), a diminutive
of flamma
(= flame) < I.E. *bhleg-
(= to shine) < *bhel-(1) (= to shine, burn).
flannel < middle english flaunneol
< (?) 1. related to middle english flanen (= sackcloth) or
2. welsh gwlanen (= woolen cloth) <
gwlan
(= wool) < celtic *wlana.
flap < middle english flappe
(= a blow, slap) < (?) imitative
origin.
flash < middle english flashen
/ flasken
(= sprinkle, splash) < (?) imitative origin.
flat < middle english flat < old norse flatr
(= flat) < proto-germanic
*flata-.
flavor < middle english flavor
< old french flaor
(= smell, odor) < (?) vulgar latin flator (= odor) < latin
flator
(= blower) < flo [inf. flare] (= to
blow).
flea < old english flea
< proto-germanic *flauhaz.
fleet < old english fleot
(= ship, raft) < fleotan
(= to float, swim) < proto-germanic
*fleutanan.
flesh < old english flæsc
(= flesh, meat, body) < proto-germanic
*flaiska-
/ *fleiski-.
fletcher < middle english fletcher
< old french flechier
(= maker of arrows) < fleche
(= arrow) < (?) proto-germanic *fleug-ika-.
flexible < middle english flexible
< middle french
flexible
< latin flexibilis (= flexible) < flecto [inf. flectere] (= to bend).
flight (= act of flying) < old english
flyht
< proto-germanic *flukhtiz
< proto-germanic *flugti-
< I.E. *pleu- (= to flow).
flight (= act of fleeing)
< middle english flihht < proto-germanic
*flugti-
< I.E. *pleu- (= to flow).
flit < middle english flitten
/ flytten
/ flutten
< old norse flytja
(= remove, bring) < proto-germanic
*flutjan-
(= to float).
float < old english flotian
< proto-germanic *flotan
(= to float).
flock (= crowd) < old
english flocc (= group, company).
flock (= tuft of wool)
< middle english flock < (?) old french floc < latin floccus (= tuft of wool, lock of
hair).
flood < old english flōd
< proto-germanic *floduz
(= flowing water).
floor < old english flor
< proto-germanic *floruz
(= floor).
flora < latin Flora
(= goddess of flowers) < flos [gen. floris] (= flower).
Florence < latin
Florentia
{> italian Fiorenze / Firenze}, female of Florentius
(= blooming) [so called from the many gardens of this city] < florens [gen. florentis], present participle of floro
[inf. florere] (= to flower) < flos [gen. floris] (= flower).
florescence < modern latin florescentia < latin florescens
[gen. florescentis], present participle
of floresco
[inf. florescere] (= begin to blossom)
< floro
[inf. florere] (= to flower) < flos [gen. floris] (= flower).
florin < middle english florin
< old french florin
< italian fiorino (= little flower) [from the image of a lily, the symbol of
Florence, which was stamped on its gold coin] < fiore
(= flower) < latin flos
[gen. floris] (= flower).
Florida < spanish
[Pascua] florida (= flowering [Easter]) [because it was discovered
on Easter of 1513] < latin floridus (= flowery) < flos [gen. floris] (= flower).
flourish < middle english flourish
< old french florir
(= to blossom, flower) < latin
floro
[inf. florere] (= to flower) < flos [gen. floris] (= flower).
flour < middle english flo(u)r / flo(e)r / floyer / flowre < old french flor (= flower, fine flour) < latin flos
[gen. floris] (= flower).
flow < old english flowan
< proto-germanic *flowan
(= to flow) < I.E. *pleu-
(= to flow).
flower < middle english flo(u)r / flo(e)r / floyer / flowre < old french flor (= flower, fine flour) < latin flos
[gen. floris] (= flower) {> italian fiore} < I.E. *bhel-(3) (= to thrive,
bloom).
Floyd < Lloyd
< welsh Llwyd
(= gray).
flu < a shortening of influenza
< italian influenza
(= epidemic) < medieval latin
influentia
(= an astrological influence, a flowing in) <
latin influens [gen. influentis],
present participle of influo [inf. influere] (= to flow into) < in (= into)) + fluo
[inf. fluere] (= to flow).
fluctuation < middle english fluctuation
< old french fluctuacion
< latin fluctuatio (= a wavering) < fluctuo [inf. fluctuare] (= move in waves) <
fluctus,
past participle of fluo [inf. fluere] (=
to flow).
fluent < latin fluens
[gen. fluentis], present participle of
fluo
[inf. fluere] (= to flow).
fluff < floow (= wooly substance)
< (?) flemish vluwe < french velu (= hairy) < latin vellus (= fleece) < latin
villus
(= tuft of hair).
fluid < middle english fluid
< middle french
fluide
< latin fluidus (= flowing) <
fluo [inf. fluere] (= to flow).
fluor < latin fluor
(= a flowing) < fluo [inf. fluere] (=
to flow).
flute < middle english flute
< old french flaut(e)
< old provençal flaut
< (?) latin flo [flare] (= to blow).
fly (= to soar through air)
< old english fleogan (= to fly) < proto-germanic *fleugan
(= to fly) < I.E. *pleuk-
< *pleu- (= to flow).
fly (flying insect) < old english fleoge
(= a fly) < proto-germanic
*fleugon
(= flying insect) < I.E.
*pleu-
(= to flow).
foal < old english fola
(= colt) < proto-germanic
*fulon
< I.E. *pulo-
(= young of an animal) < *pau-(1) (= little).
foam < middle english fom(e)
< old english fam
(= foam) < west germanic
*faimo-.
focus < latin focus
(= hearth, fireplace).
foe < old english gef(e)a (= enemy) < fah (= hostile) < proto-germanic
*faihaz.
fog < foggy
(= full of thick mist) < (?) scandinavian
sourse.
foie-gras <
french [pâté de] foie
gras
(= [pie of] fat liver) < gras (= fat) + foie (= liver).
foil < middle english foile < old french foil
/ fueill(e)
(= leaf, sheet) < latin
folia,
plural of folium (= leaf).
fold < old english f(e)aldan (= wrap up) < proto-germanic *falthan
/ *faldan.
folio < middle english folio < late latin folio
(= leaf, sheet) < latin
folio,
ablative of folium (= leaf).
folk < old english folc
(= people, tribe, nation) < proto-germanic
*fulka-
{> dutch volk, german Volk}.
folklore < old english folc
(= people, tribe, nation) (< proto-germanic *fulka-)
+ lore
(< old english lar (= knowledge) < proto-germanic *laisti-).
follow < middle english folwen < old english folgian
/ fylg(i)an (= to accompany, follow after) < proto-germanic *fulgojanan
< (?) *full + gan (= full-going).
fond < middle english fold < fonned, past-participle of fon(ne) (= be foolish) < middle english fonne (= fool, stupid).
font (= set of characters)
< middle french fonte (= a casting) < fonte,
female past participle of fondre (= to melt) < latin fundo
[inf. fundere] (= to melt, cast).
font (= water basin)
< old english font < latin fons [gen. fontis] (= fountain).
food < middle english foode
/ fode < old english foda
(= food, fuel) < proto-germanic
*fodon
< germanic *fod-
(= food) < I.E. *pat-
< *pa- (= to feed).
fool < middle english fool < old french fol
(= mad, bellows) < medieval latin
follus
(= foolish) < latin follis (= bellows, leather bag [vulgar
latin “empty-headed”]) < I.E.
*bhel-(2) (= to blow).
foot < old english fot
< proto-germanic *fōts
{> swedish fot, danish fod, dutch voet, german
Fuß} < I.E. *ped-
(= foot) {> latin pes [gen. pedis], ancient greek πους | pous [gen. ποδός | podhos]}.
for < old english for
< proto-germanic *fur
(= before, in) {> german für}
< I.E. *per-(1) (= forward).
forage < middle english forage
< old french forrage
(= fodder) < fuerre (= hay, straw) < frankish *fodr
(= food) < proto-germanic
*fodram.
forbid < old english forbeodan
< for- (= away) (< proto-germanic *fur (= before, in)) + beodan
(= to command).
force < middle english force
< old french force
< vulgar latin *fortia
{> italian forza, spanish
fuerza} < latin fortia, neuter plural of fortis
(= strong).
ford < old english ford
< proto-germanic *furdu-.
fore < old
english fore < proto-germanic
*fura
(= before) < I.E. *prae-
< *per-(1) (= forward).
foreign < middle english ferren
/ foran
/ foreyne
< old french forain
(= strange, external) < medieval
latin foraneus (= exterior) <
latin foris / foras (= out of doors, outside) < I.E. *dhwer-
(= door).
forensic < latin forensis
(= of a forum) < forum (= public place).
forest < middle english forest
< old french forest
(= woodland) < (?) medieval latin forestis silva
(= outside wood) < latin
foris
(= outside) + silva (= wood, forest).
forfeit < middle english forfet
< old french forfait
/ forfet
(= crime), past participle of forfaire (= transgress) < for- (= outside) (< latin
foris
(= outside)) + faire (= do) (< latin facio
[inf. facere] (= make, do).
forge < middle english forge
< old french forge
(= smithy) < faverge < latin
fabrica
(= workshop, smith’s shop) < faber
[gen. fabri] (= workman for hard materials, smith).
forget < old english forgietan
< for- (= away) (< proto-germanic *fur (= before, in)) + gietan
(= to grasp).
forgive < old english forgiefan
< for-
(= away, completely) (< proto-germanic *fur (= before, in)) + giefan (= give).
fork < old english forca,
force
< latin furca
(= pitchfork, cooking fork).
forlorn < middle english forloren,
past participle of forlesan (= to lose) <
old english forleosan (= to lose, abandon) < for- (= away, completely)
(< germanic *fur
(= before, in)) + leosan (= to lose) (< proto-germanic *lausa- (= to loosen).
form < middle english fo(u)rme < old french fo(u)rme (= appearance, shape)
< latin forma (= figure, appearance, shape).
formic < latin formica
(= ant).
formula < latin formula
(= small form, method), a diminutive of forma (= figure, appearance, shape).
fornication < middle english fornication < old french fornicacion
(= fornication, prostitution) < late
latin fornicatio < fornico [inf. fornicari] (= to fornicate) <
latin fornix [gen. fornicis]
(= arch, vaulted chamber, brothel).
forte < italian forte
(= strong) < latin fortis (= strong).
forth < old english forð
(= forward, farther), perfective of fore < proto-germanic *furtha- (= forward) < I.E. *prae-
< *per-(1) (= forward).
fortify < middle english fortify < old french fortifiier
(= fortify, strengthen) < late
latin fortifico [inf. fortificare]
(= strengthen) < latin fortis
(= strong) + facio [inf. facere] (=
make, do).
fortitude < middle english fortitude < middle french fortitude < latin fortitudo
(= strength, force) < fortis
(= strong).
Fortran < [1956] formula + translation.
fortune < middle english fortune < old french fortune
< latin fortuna
(= chance, good luck, fate) <
fors
[gen. fortis] (= chance, luck).
forty < middle english
feowerti < old english feowertig
< feower (= four) + tig
(= group of ten).
forum < middle english forum < latin forum
(= marketplace, public place) < foris / foras (= out of doors, outside) < I.E. *dhwer-
(= door).
forward < old english forewearde
(= toward the front) < fore (< proto-germanic *fura (= before) < I.E. *prae-
< *per-(1) (= forward)) + -ward (< -weard (= toward) <
proto-germanic *werda- < I.E. *werto-
(= to turn) < *wer-(2) (= to turn).
fosse < middle english fosse
< old french fosse
(= ditch, grave) < latin
fossa
(= ditch, trench) < fossa [terra] (= dug [earth]) < fossa, female past participle
of fodio
[inf. fodere] (= to dig).
fossil < french fossile
< latin fossilis
(= dug up) < fossus, past participle of fodio
[inf. fodere] (= to dig).
foster < old english *fostrian
(= nourish) < proto-germanic *fostra-.
foul < old english ful
(= rotten, unclean) < proto-germanic
*fulaz.
found (= establish) <
middle english found < old french fonder (= establish, set) < latin fundo
[inf. fundare] (= lay the foundations) < fundus (= bottom, foundation).
found (= cast metal)
< middle english found < old french fondre (= pour out, melt) < latin fundo
[inf. fundere] (= to cast, melt).
fountain < middle english fountain
< old french fontaine
(= natural spring) < medieval
latin fontana (= fountain, spring) < latin fontana, female
of fontanus
(= of a spring) < fons [gen. fontis] (= spring of water).
four < old
english feower < proto-germanic
*fedwores
{> swedish fyra, danish
fire, dutch vier, german vier} < I.E. *kwetwer- (= four) {> latin
quattuor (> italian quarto, french quatre), ancient
greek τέσσερα |
tessera}.
fox < old english fox
< proto-germanic *fuhsaz
(= fox) {> old norse foa, dutch vos, german
Fuchs} < proto-germanic
*fuh- < I.E. *puk-
(= tail).
fractal < french fractal
< latin fractus, past participle of frango
[inf. frangere] (= to break).
fragile < middle french fragile
< fragilis (= easily broken) < frango [inf. frangere] (= to break).
fragment < middle english fragment
< latin fragmentum
(= fragment, remnant) < frango
[inf. frangere] (= to break).
fragrant < middle english fragrant
< latin fragrans
[gen. fragnantis], present participle
of frangro
[inf. fragrare] (= smell strongly) < proto-italic *fragro-.
frail < middle english frail
< old french fraile
/ frele
(= weak, sickly) < latin
fragilis
(= easily broken).
frame < old english framian
(= to profit, avail) < fram
(= active, bold) < fram (= forward).
franc < middle english frank < french franc
< medieval latin Francorum [Rex] (= [King] of the Franks)
[a phrase inscribed on these coins].
franchise < middle english fraunchise
< old french franchise
(= freedom, right, privilege) < franchir (= to free) < franc (= free, Frank).
Francis < french François < old french Franceis
(= noble, free, French) <
medieval latin Franciscus (= Frankish) <
Francus
(= Frank) < frankish *Frank.
France < old english France
< old french France < medieval latin Francia < Francus (= Frank) < frankish
*Frank.
frangible < middle english fragible
< old french frangible < medieval latin frangibilis < latin frango
[inf. frangere] (= to break).
Frank < old english franc
(= freeman, noble, Frank) < medieval
latin Francus < frankish *Frank.
Franklin < middle english
Frankeleyn
< anglo-french fraunclein
(= freeholder) < old french
franc
(= free, Frank).
frantic < middle english frantic
< frentik
< frenetik (= crazy) < old french frenetike
(= crazy) < latin phreneticus
(= delirious) < ancient greek φρενητικός | phrenētikos (= of insanity) < φρενίτις [νόσος] | phrenitis [nosos] (= mental [disease], insanity) < φρην | phrēn [gen. φρενός | phrenos] (= mind, reason).
frappe < american english frappe
< french frappé
< frappé,
past participle of frapper (= to chill, beat)
< old french fraper (= to strike).
fraternity < middle english fraternity
< old french fraternité < latin fraternitas (= brotherhood) < fraternus
(= brotherly) < frater
(= brother) < I.E. *bhrater-
(= brother).
frau < german Frau
(= woman, wife) < middle high
german vrouwe (= lady, mistress)
< old high german frouwa (= mistress, lady) < proto-germanic *frowo
(= lady), female of *frawan (= lord).
fraud < middle english fraud
< old french fraude (= deception, fraud) < latin fraus
[gen. fraudis] (= a cheating, deceit).
fraught < middle english fraught
(= to load a ship) < fraughten < fraught (= a load, cargo) < fraght (= a load) < middle
dutch / middle low german vracht, vrecht.
fray < middle english fray
< old french fraiier / froiier (= scrape) < latin frico
[inf. fricare] (= to rub).
freak (= sudden turn of mind) < (?) related to
middle english friken (= move nimbly) < old english frician
(= to dance).
freak (= brave man) <
scottish freik < middle
english freke (= brave man, warrior)
< old english freca (= bold man, warrior) < frec (= bold).
freckle < middle english freckle
/ frecken
< old norse freknur [plural] (= freckles).
Frederick < french Frédéric < german Friedrich < old high german Fridurih < proto-germanic *frithu-rik < *frithu- (= peace) + *rik-
(= rule).
free < old english freo
(= not in bondage, noble, joyful) <
proto-germanic *friaz (= beloved, not in bondage)
{> dutch vrij, german frei} < I.E. *priy-a- (= beloved) < *pri- (= to love).
freeze < freese
/ friese < middle english fresen < old english freosan
(= turn to ice) < proto-germanic *freusan (= to freeze) < proto-germanic *freus-.
freight < middle english freight
< fraght
(= a load, cargo) < middle dutch / middle low german vracht,
vrecht.
French < middle english frensh
/ frenche
< old english frencisc
(= of the Franks, French) < Franc
(= Frank) < medieval latin
Francus
< frankish *Frank.
frenetic < middle english frenetik
< old french frenetike
(= crazy) < latin phreneticus
(= delirious) < ancient greek φρενητικός | phrenētikos (= of insanity) < φρενίτις [νόσος] | phrenitis [nosos] (= mental [disease], insanity) < φρην | phrēn [gen. φρενός | phrenos] (= mind, reason).
freon (= chlorofluorocarbons,
CFC) < freeze + [suffix] -on.
frequent < middle english frequent
< old french frequent < latin frequens
[gen. frequentis] (= often, repeated).
fresh < middle english fresh
/ fersh
(= unsalted, sweet, pure) < old
english fersc (= unsalted) < proto-germanic *friskaz.
fret < middle english fret
< (?) old french frete (= ring, ferule).
friar < middle english friar
< old french frere (= brother, friar) < latin frater
(= brother).
friction < middle french friction
< latin frictio (= a rubbing) < frico [inf. fricare] (= to rub).
Friday < old english frigedæg
(= Frigga’s day) < *Frigu
(= Frigga), a germanic goddess of married love + dæg
(< proto-germanic *dages-
(= day)).
fridge < a shortening of middle english refrigerator
< latin refrigeratio (= a cooling) < refrigero [inf. refrigerare] (= to cool down)
< re- (= again) + frigero
[inf. frigerare] (= make cool) (<
frigus [gen. frigoris] (= cold)).
Friedrich < german
Friedrich
< old high german Fridurih < proto-germanic *frithu-rik < *frithu- (= peace) + *rik-
(= rule).
friend < old english freond
< proto-germanic *frijojands
(= lover, friend) {> dutch vriend, german Freund} < I.E. *priy-ont- (= loving), present-participle of *pri-
(= to love).
frieze < middle french frise
(= a ruff) < medieval latin frisium (= embroidered border)
< frigium
< (?) latin Phrygium (= Phrygian, phrygian style) < Phrygia, a country in Asia
Minor [known for its embroidery].
fright < middle english fright / freiht < old english fryhto < fyrhtu (= fear) < proto-germanic *furkhtaz
(= afraid).
frigid < latin frigidus
(= cold) < frigo [inf. frigere] (= be cold).
fringe < middle english fringe < old french frenge
(= thread, border) < vulgar
latin *frimbia < late latin fimbria < latin fimbriae
[plural] (= fibers, threads).
frisbee < [Mrs.] Frisbie's [Pies], a bakery
in Bridgeport of Connecticut [where the prototype was modeled on pie tins (1957)].
Fritz < german
Fritz
< Friedrich
< old high german Fridurih < proto-germanic *frithu-rik < *frithu- (= peace) + *rik-
(= rule).
frivolous < middle english frivolous
< latin frivolus
(= silly, empty), a diminutive of *frivos (= broken) < frio [inf. friare] (= break).
frog < old
english frogga, a diminutive of frosc / forsc / frox
(= frog) < I.E. *preu-
(= to hop).
frolic < frolic (= joyous, merry) < middle dutch vrolyc (= happy) < vro-
(= merry) + lyc (= like).
from < old
english fram < proto-germanic
*fra
(= forward, away from) < I.E.
*pro-mo-
< *pro < *per-(1) (= forward).
front < middle english front
< old french front
(= forehead) < latin frons
[gen. frontis] (= forehead, brow) < I.E.
*bhront- < *bhren- (= to project).
frost < old english forst
/ frost
< proto-germanic *frustaz
(= frost) < *freusanan (= to freeze).
frown < middle english frown
< old french frognier
(= frown, scowl, snort) < (?) gaulish *frogna (= nostril).
fructify < middle english fructify
< old french fructifiier
(= bear fruit) < late latin
fructifico
[inf. fructificare] (= bear fruit) < latin fructus
(= fruit) + facio [inf. facere] (=
make, do).
frugal < middle french frugal < latin frugalis < frugi (= useful, proper),
dative of frux [gen. frugis] (= fruit, value) < fruor [inf. frui] (= reap the fruits of, use, enjoy).
fruit < middle english fruit
< old french fruit
< latin fructus
(= fruit, crops, produce) < fruor
[inf. frui] (= reap the fruits of, use,
enjoy).
fruition < middle english fruition
< old french fruition
< late latin fruitio (= enjoyment) < fruor
[inf. frui] (= reap the fruits of, use,
enjoy).
frumentaceous < late latin frumentaceus
(= of grain) < frumentum
(= grain, corn) < fruor
[inf. frui] (= reap the fruits of, use,
enjoy).
frustrate < middle english frustrate < latin frustratus,
past participle of frustror [inf. frustrari]
(= to deceive, make vain) < frustra
(= in vain).
fry < middle english fry < old french frire
(= to fry) < latin frigo
[inf. frigere] (= to fry, roast).
fuchsia < german [Leonhard] Fuchs, a German
botanist (< fuchs (= fox) < proto-germanic
*fuh- < I.E. *puk-
(= tail)).
fucus < latin fucus
(= focus).
fuel < middle english fe(u)el < old french foaille (= fuel for heating) < medieval latin focalia
(= right of cutting fuel) < latin
focalia
(= wood for fuel), neuter plural of latin
focalis
(= of a hearth) < focus
(= hearth, fireplace).
fugitive < middle english fugitive
< old french fugitif
/ fuitif
(= absent) < latin fugitivus
(= fleeing) < fugo [inf. fugere] (=
to flee, fly, run away).
fugue < fuge < italian fuga (= flight) < latin
fuga
(= act of fleeing, a running away) <
fugo
[inf. fugere] (= to flee, fly, run away).
full < old english full
< proto-germanic *fullaz
(= full).
fulminate < middle english fulminate
< latin fulminatus, past participle of fulmino
[inf. fulminare] (= lighten, thunder) < fulmen [gen. fulminis] (= lightning flash).
fume < middle english fume
< old french fum (= smoke, vapor) < latin fumus
(= smoke, steam).
fumigation < middle english fumigation
< latin fumigatio (= a smoking) < fumigo [inf. fumigare] (= to smoke) <
fumus
(= smoke, steam, fume) + ago [inf. agere] (= drive, lead, act).
fun < fun (= to cheat, hoax) < (?) middle english
fonnen
(= befool).
function < middle french fonction
< latin functio (= performance, execution)
< fungor
[inf. fungi] (= perform, execute).
fund < french fond
(= bottom, floor, ground) < latin
fundus
(= bottom, foundation).
fundament < middle english fundament
< old french fondement (= bottom, foundation) < latin fundamentum
(= foundation) < fundo
[inf. fundare] (= to found).
funeral < middle english funeral
< medieval latin funeralia (= funeral rites) < late
latin funeralia, neuter plural of funeralis (= of a funeral) < latin funus
[gen. funeris] (= funeral, burial rites, death).
fungus < latin fungus
(= mushroom, fungus).
funicular < funicle
(= small cord) < latin funiculus
(= a slender rope), a diminutive of funis (= cord, rope).
funk (= depression, ill-humor)
< (?) scottish / english funk (= become afraid)
< (?) flemish fonck (= perturbation, distress).
funky < funky
(= old, musty, repulsive) [in jazz slang (= earthy, deeply felt), later (=
fine, stylish)] < funk
(= bad smell) < (?) funk (= blow smoke upon) < french funkière
(= to smoke) < old french
fungier
(= give off smoke) < latin fumigo
[inf. fumigare] (= to smoke).
funnel < middle english funell
/ fonel < middle french fonel
< late latin fundibulum
< latin infundibulum (= a funnel in a mill) < infundo [inf. infundere] (= pour in) < in (= into) + fundo
[inf. fundere] (= to pour).
fur < middle english fur <
(?) old french fo(u)rrer (= cover, cover with fur) < fuerre (= sheath) <
frankish *fodr < proto-germanic *fodram (= sheath).
furbish < middle english furbish
< old french forbir (= to polish) < proto-germanic *furbjan.
furcate < medieval latin furcatus (= furcated) < latin furca (= a two-pronged fork).
furious < middle english furious
< old french furios / furieus (= furious, livid)
< latin furiosus
(= mad) < furia (= rage, passion, fury).
furl < (?) middle french ferler
(= to furl) < old french
ferliier
(= chain, tie up) < (?) fer (= firm) (< latin firmus
(= strong)) + -lier (= to bind) (< latin ligo [inf. ligare] (= to tie)).
furlough < vorloffe
(= leave of absence) < dutch verlof
(= permission) < middle dutch ver- (= for, completely) + laf
/ lof
(= permission) (< proto-germanic *laubo-).
furnace < middle english furnace
< old french fornais (= oven) < latin fornax
[gen. fornacis] (= oven).
furnish < middle english furnish
< old french furnir / fornir (= accomplish, equip)
< vulgar latin *fornio
[inf. fornire] < *fromio
[inf. fromire] < west germanic *frumjan (= forward movement)
< proto-germanic *fram-
(= forwards).
furniture < middle french fourniture
< old french forneture
(= act of furnishing) < furnir
/ fornir (= accomplish, equip) < vulgar latin *fornio [inf. fornire] < *fromio [inf. fromire] < west germanic
*frumjan
(= forward movement) < proto-germanic
*fram-
(= forwards).
furor < middle english furor
< middle french fureur < latin furor (= rage, madness).
furrow < middle english furwe
/ forowe
/ forgh
/ furch < old english furh
(= furrow) < proto-germanic *furkh-.
further < old english furðor
/ forðor
< (?) furðum + [suffix] *-eron- / *-uron- (compare inner, outer).
furtive < middle french furtif
< latin furtivus
(= stolen, hidden) < furtum
(= theft, a stolen thing) < fur
[gen. furis] (= thief).
fury < middle english fury < old french furie
/ fuire
(= rage) < latin furia
(= rage, madness).
fuse < italian fuso
(= sprindle) < latin fusus (= sprindle).
fusion < middle french fusion
< latin fusio (= an outpouring) < fusus, past participle of fundo
[inf. fundere] (= to pour, melt).
fuss < (?) 1. force < old french force
< vulgar latin *fortia
< latin fortis (= strong) or 2. danish
fjas
(= foolery, nonsense) or 3. echoing origin.
fustian < middle english fustian
< old french fustaigne
/ fustagne
< medieval latin fustaneum
< (?) 1. latin fustis (= staff, stick of wood, cotton) or 2. egyptian Fostat,
a town [where this cloth was first manufactured].
fusty < middle english fusty
< french fusté
(= fusty) < old french fuste
/ fuist
(= stick, wine cask) < latin
fustis
(= staff, stick of wood).
futile < middle french futile
< latin fut(t)ilis (= vain, worthless) <
fundo
[inf. fundere] (= to pour, melt).
future < middle english future
< old french futur
(= future) < latin futurus
(= the future) < futurus,
future participle of sum [inf. esse] (= I am).
