each < old
english ælc (= any, every)
< a-gelic
(= ever alike) < a
(= ever) + gelic (= alike) < germanic *aina-galik.
eager < middle english eager < old french aigre
(= sour, acid, lively) < vulgar
latin *acrus < latin
acer
(= sharp, acute).
eagle < middle english eagle
< old french egle < old provençal aigla < latin aquila,
female of aquilus (= eagle).
ear (= organ of hearing) < old english
eare
< proto-germanic *auzon
{> old norse eyra, danish øre, dutch oor, gothic
auso, german Ohr} < I.E.
*ous-
(= ear) {> ancient greek ους
| ous, latin
auris, avestan usi}.
ear (= grain part of corn) < old english ear
/ æher
< proto-germanic *akhuz
< I.E. *ak-
(= be sharp, pierce).
earl < old english eorl
(= warrior, leader) < proto-germanic
*erlaz.
early < old english ærlice
< ær (= soon) + [suffix] -lice.
earn < old english earnian
(= deserve, merit, labor for) < proto-germanic
*aznon
(= do harvest work, serve) < *azno (= labor).
earnest (= serious) < 1. old english eornoste
(= serious) or 2. old english eornost (= seriousness) < proto-germanic *er-n-os-ti-
< (?) I.E. *er-(1) (= to move).
earnest (= a pledge) < middle english earnest
< middle english
ernes
(= a promise) < old french erres < latin arr(h)a (= engagement) < (?) semitic
origin.
earth < old english eorþe
(= soil, dry land, country) < proto-germanic
*ertho
{> middle dutch eerde, old frisian erthe, old saxon
ertha, old high german erda, german Erde} < (?) I.E.
*er-(2) (= earth, ground).
ease < middle english ease < old french aise
(= comfort) (< latin adjacens,
past participle of adjacio [inf. adjacere]
(= to lie, rest) < ad (= to) + jaceo [inf. jacere] (= to throw)).
east < old
english east(a)n / easte
< proto-germanic *aust-
(= east) < I.E. *aus-(1) (= to shine).
Easter < old english Easterdæg < Eastre (< proto-germanic *austron-
(= dawn, a goddess of spring) < *aust- (= east)) + old english dæg
(= day) (< proto-germanic *dages- (= day)).
easy < middle english easy < old french aise
(= comfort) (< latin adjacens,
past participle of adjacio [inf. adjacere]
(= to lie, rest) < ad (= to) + jaceo [inf. jacere] (= to throw)).
eat < old english etan
< proto-germanic *etan
{> old norse eta, dutch eten, german essen}
< I.E. *ed-
(= to eat).
eave < eovese < old english efes
(= edge of a roof) < proto-germanic
*ubaswo-
/ *ubiswo
(= vestibule, porch) < I.E.
*upo
(= under).
ebb < old english ebba
(= low tide) < (?) proto-germanic *af-
< I.E. *apo-
(= off, away).
ebola < Ebola,
a river valley in Congo.
ebony < (?) 1. middle english ebon
or 2. middle english hebenyf < (?) latin hebeninus
(= of ebony) < ancient greek
εβένινος |
ebeninos < έβενος |
ebenos (= ebony) < (?) egyptian
hbnj.
eccentric < middle english eccentric
< middle french eccentrique
< medieval latin eccentricus < ancient greek έκκεντρος | ekkentros (= out of the center) < εκ | ek (= out of) + κέντρον |
kentron (= center).
ecclesiastic < middle english ecclesiastic
< middle french ecclésiastique < late latin
ecclesiasticus (= of the church) < ancient greek εκκλησιαστικός | ekklēsiastikos (= of the assembly) < εκκλησιαστής | ekklēsiastēs (= speaker in an assembly) < εκκαλώ | ekkalō (= call out to gather) < εκ | ek (= out) + καλώ |
kalō (= to call).
echo < middle english echo
< latin echo < ancient greek ηχώ | ēchō < ηχή |
ēkhē (= sound).
eclectic < french eclectique
< ancient greek εκλεκτικός |
eklektikos (= selective) < εκλεκτός | eklektos (= selected) < εκλέγω | eklegō (= select) < εκ |
ek (= out) + λέγω | legō (= choose, speak).
eclipse < middle english eclipse
< old french eclipse < latin eclipsis < ancient greek έκλειψις | ekloepsis < εκλείπω |
ekloepō (= disappear) < εκ | ek (= out) + λείπω |
loepō (= to leave).
ecology < oecology
< german Ökologie < ancient greek οίκος | oekos (= house) + -λογία | -logia (= study) (< λόγος | logos (= a speaking) < λέγω | legō (= speak)).
economy < latin oeconomia
< ancient greek οικονομία |
oekonomia (= household management) < οικονόμος | oekonomos (= manager) < οίκος | oekos (= house) + νόμος | nomos (= managing) (< νέμω | nemō (= manage)).
ecru < french écru
(= raw, unbleached) < old
french escru (= raw, rough) <
es-
(= thoroughly) + latin crudus (= raw, crude).
ecstasy < middle english extasie
(= elation) < old french
estaise
< late latin extasis < ancient greek έκστασις |
ekstasis (= astonishment) < εξίσταμαι | existamae (= displace, drive out of one’s
mind) < εκ, εξ | ek, ex
(= out) + ‘ίσταμαι | histamae (= to stand).
Ecuador < spanish
Ecuador
(= equator) [because the equator runs through this country] < medieval latin aequator
[diei et noctis] (= equalizer [of day
and night]) < latin aequo [inf. aequare] (= make equal) <
aequus
(= level, flat).
ecumenical < late latin oecumenicus
(= universal) < ancient greek
οικουμενικός |
oekoumenikos (= from the whole world) < οικουμένη [γη] | oekoumenē [gē] (= inhabited [earth]) <
οικουμένη |
oekoumenē, female of present participle
of οικούμαι |
oekoumae (= be inhabited) < οίκος | oekos (= house, habitation).
edelweiss < german Edelweiß
(= noble white) < old high german edili (= noble) + german
weiss
(= white).
Eden < middle english Eden
< hebrew Edhen (= (?) pleasure, delight).
Edgar < old english Ead-gar
< ead (= wealth, prosperity)
+ gar
(= spear).
edge < old english ecg
(= corner, edge) < proto-germanic
*agjo
< I.E. *ak-
(= be sharp, pierce).
edifice < middle english edifice
< old french edifice (= building) < latin aedificium
(= building) < aedifico
[inf. aedificare] (= to erect a building) < aedis (< aedes
(= temple, building)) + facio [inf. facere] (= do, make).
Edinburgh < celtic [Din] Eidyn (= (?) [fort] on a slope) + old english burh
(= fort).
Edith < old
english Eadgyð < ead
(= wealth, prosperity) + guð (= war).
edition < middle english edition
< french édition < latin editio
(= a producing) < edo [inf. edere] (= bring
forth, produce) < ex
(= out) + do [inf. dare] (= give).
Edmund < old
english Eadmund < ead
(= wealth, prosperity) + mund (= hand, protector) < proto-germanic *mundo-.
educate < middle english educaten
< latin educatus,
past participle of educo [inf. educare] (=
bring up, educate) < educo [inf. educere] (= lead forth) <
ex
(= out) + duco [inf. ducere] (=
to lead).
Edward < old english Eadweard
< ead (= wealth, prosperity)
+ weard
(= guardian).
Edwin < old english Ead-wine
< ead (= wealth, prosperity)
+ wine
(= friend, protector).
effect < middle english effect
< old french efet (= result, execution) < latin
effectus
(= accomplishment) < efficio
[inf. efficere] (= work out) < ex (= out) + facio
[inf. facere] (= do, make).
efficient < middle english efficient
< old french efficient < latin efficiens
[gen. efficientis] (= effective), present participle of efficio
[inf. efficere] (= work out) < ex (= out) + facio
[inf. facere] (= do, make).
effort < middle english effort
< middle french effort < old french esforz (= force) < esforcier
(= force out) < vulgar latin
*exfortio
[inf. exfortiare] (= show strength) < latin ex
(= out) + fortis (= strong).
effuse < middle english effuse
< middle french effuser < latin effusus,
past participle of effundo [inf. effundere]
(= pour forth) < ex
(= out) + fundo [inf. fundere] (=
to pour).
e.g. < an abbreviation of
latin exempli gratia (= for the sake of example)
< exemlpi,
genitive of exemplum (= example) + gratia, ablative of gratia
(= grace, favor, sake).
Egbert < old english Ecg-beorht
< old english ecg (= edge, sword) + beorht
(= bright).
egest < latin egestus,
past participle of egero [inf. egerere] (=
bring out, discharge) < ex
(= out) + gero [inf. gerere] (=
to carry, bear).
egg < middle english egge
< old norse egg < proto-germanic *ajja(m) < (?) I.E. *owyo-
/ *oyyo-
(= egg) < (?) *awi- (= bird).
eggplant < egg
+ plant
[so called from the original white color and the shape like an egg (the white variety)
of this plant].
egoism < french égoisme
< modern latin egoismus < latin ego
(= I) < I.E. *egō {> ancient greek εγώ
| egō}.
egregious < latin egregius
(= excellent) < ex
grege (= above the flock) <
ex
(= out of) + grege, ablative of grex (= herd, flock).
egress < latin egressus,
past participle of egredior [inf. egredi]
(= go out) < ex (= out) + gradior
[inf. gradi] (= to step, go).
Egypt < old
english Egipte < french
Egypte < ancient greek Αίγυπτος
| Aegyptos < akkadian Ha(t)-ka-ptah (= temple of
the soul of Ptah) [the name of the ancient city Memphis] < ha(t)
(= temple) + ka (= soul) + Ptah (= [god] Ptah).
eidolon < ancient greek είδωλον
| oedōlon (= reflection in a mirror, phantom,
statue, idol) < είδος
| oedos (= form, shape).
eight < middle english eighte
< ehte
< old english eahta
/ æhta < proto-germanic *akhto
{> swedish åtta, dutch acht, german acht} < I.E. *okto(u)
(= eight) {> ancient greek οκτώ
| oktō, latin
octo (> italian otto, spanish
ocho, french huit), sanskrit astau}.
Eire < old
irish Eriu < old celtic *Iveriu < (?) I.E.
*pi-wer-
(= fat, fertile) < *peie-
(= be fat, swell).
either < old
english ægðer < æghwæðer (= each of two, both) < a
(= always) + [prefix] ge- + hwæðer (= whether).
ejaculate < latin ejaculatus,
past participle of ejaculor [inf. ejaculari]
(= to throw out) < ex
(= out) + jaculor [inf. jaculari]
(= to throw) (< jaculum (= javelin) <
jacio
[inf. jacere] (= to throw)).
eject < middle english eject
< latin ejectus, past participle of ejicio
[inf. ejicere] (= throw out) < ex (= out) + jacio
[inf. jacere] (= to throw).
elaboration < late latin elaboratio
< latin elaboro [inf. elaborare] (= work out) <
ex
(= out) + laboro [inf. laborare]
(= to labor).
elapse < middle french elapser < latin elapsus,
past participle of elabor [inf. elabi] (=
slip away, escape) < ex
(= out) + labor [inf. labi] (= to
slip).
elastic < elastick
< french élastique < modern latin elasticus < ancient greek
ελαστός | elastos (= flexible) < ελαύνω | elavnō (= move, walk).
elation < middle english elation
< old french elacion (= elation, arrogance) < latin elatio
(= a carrying out) < elatus
(= elevated), past participle of effero [inf. efferre] (= carry out) <
ex
(= out) + fero [past participle latus (= carried), inf. ferre] (= carry).
elbow < middle english elbowe
< old english elnboga (= elbow) < proto-germanic *elino-bugon
(= bend of the forearm) < I.E.
*elina
(= arm) + proto-germanic *bugon- (<
I.E. *bheug- (= to bend)).
elder < old english eldra,
comparative of eald / ald (= old age).
Eleanor < provençal Alienor
< alia
Aenor (= [the] other Aenor) [a queen of Aquitaine, so called to
distinguish her from hers mother with the same name, Aenor] < latin alia,
female of alius (= other) + old
germanic Aenor.
election < middle english election
< anglo-french eleccioun / old french elecion
< latin electio
< eligo
[inf. eligere] (= choose) < ex (= out) + lego
[inf. legere] (= collect).
Electra < ancient greek Ηλέκτρα
| Ēlektra < ήλεκτρον | ēlektron (= amber) < ηλέκτωρ
| ēlektōr (= shining, bright).
electric < modern latin electricus
< latin electrum
(= amber) < ancient greek
ήλεκτρον
| ēlektron (= amber) < ηλέκτωρ
| ēlektōr (= shining, bright).
electrode < electro- (<
electric) + ancient greek ‘οδός | hodhos (= way, road).
elegant < middle english elegant
< middle french élégant < latin elegans [gen. elegantis] (= choice, tasteful)
< eligo
[inf. eligere] (= choose) < ex (= out) + lego
[inf. legere] (= collect).
element < middle english element
< old french element
< latin elementum
(= rudiment, first principle).
elephant < middle english olyfaunt
< old french olifant < latin elephantus < ancient greek ελέφας | elephas [gen. ελέφαντος | elephantos] (= elephant).
elevate < middle english elevate
< latin elevatus, past participle of elevo
[inf. elevare] (= lift up) < ex (= out) + levo
[inf. levare] (= raise) (<
levis
(= light, not heavy)).
eleven < middle english
elleovene < old english en(d)leofan
(= one left, over ten) < proto-germanic *ainlif-
{> old norse ellifu, dutch elf, old saxon elleban,
gothic ainlif, old high
german einlif, german elf} < *ain (= one) + I.E. *leikw-
(= to leave).
elf < old english elf
/ ælf
/ ylfe
(= sprite, fairy, goblin) < proto-germanic *albiz
< (?) I.E. *albho- (= white).
Elias < ancient greek Ηλίας | Ēlias
< hebrew Eliyahu (= God [is] Yah[weh]) < El
(= God) + Yah / Yoh, a shortening of Yahwah
/ Yahweh (= God).
eligible < middle english eligible
< old french eligible
(= fit to be chosen) < late
latin eligibilis (= that may be chosen) < latin eligo [inf. eligere] (= choose) < ex
(= out) + lego [inf. legere] (=
collect).
eliminate < latin eliminatus,
past participle of elimino [inf. eliminare]
(= expel) < ex limine (= off the threshold) < ex (= out) + limine,
ablative of limen (= threshold).
Eliot < old
french Eliot, a diminutive of Elias < ancient greek Ηλίας | Ēlias
< hebrew Eliyahu (= God [is] Yah[veh]) < El
(= God) + Yah / Yoh, a shortening of Yahwah
/ Yahweh (= God).
elite < french élite
(= selection, choice) < old
french eslite, female past participle of eli(s)re (= pick out) < latin
eligo
[inf. eligere] (= choose) < ex (= out) + lego
[inf. legere] (= collect).
elixir < middle english elixir < medieval latin elixir
(= philosopher’s stone) < arabic
al-iksir
(= the philosopher’s stone) < al (= the) + iksir (< ancient greek
ξηρίον | ksērion (= powder for drying wounds) < ξηρός | ksēros
(= dry)).
Elizabeth < late latin Elisabeth < ancient greek Ελισάβετ |
Elisabet < hebrew Elishebha
(= God is abundant / God is an oath).
Ellen < french Hélène < latin Helena < ancient greek ‘Ελένη | hElenē (= Helen).
ellipse < french ellipse
< latin ellipsis
< ancient greek έλλειψις
| elloepsis (= a falling short, defect)
< ελλείπω
| elloepō (= to fall short) < εν | en (= in) + λείπω | loepō (= to leave).
elm < old english elm < proto-germanic *elmaz.
eloquence < middle english eloquence
< old french eloquence
< latin eloquentia < eloquens [gen. eloquentis], present participle of eloquor
[inf. eloqui] (= speak out) < ex (= out) + loquor
[inf. loqui] (= speak).
Elsa < german Elsa,
a diminutive of Elisabet < late
latin Elisabeth < ancient
greek Ελισάβετ |
Elisabet < hebrew Elishebha
(= God is abundant / God is an oath).
else < old english elles
(= other, different) < proto-germanic
*aljaz
< I.E. *al- (= beyond).
elude < latin eludo
[inf. eludere] (= finish play, win at
play) < ex (= out, away) + ludo
[inf. ludere] (= to play).
Elvira < spanish Elvira
< germanic (?) ala (= all) + wer (+ true).
Elysium < latin Elysium < ancient greek Ηλύσιον
[πεδίον] | Ēlyssion [pedion] (= Elysian
[field]) []a place where heroes dwell after their death].
e-mail < electronic + mail.
email (= type of pottery
design pattern) < french
email
< esmal
(= enamel) < frankish *smalt < proto-germanic *smaltjan (= to smelt).
emanation < late latin emanatio
< latin emano [inf. emanare] (= flow out) < ex (= out) + mano [inf. manare] (= to flow).
emancipate < latin emancipatus,
past participle of emancipo [inf. emancipare]
(= declare as free) < ex (= out) + mancipo [inf. mancipare] (= deliver) (<
mancipum
(= ownership) < manus
(= hand) + capio [inf. capere]
(= take, hold)).
embargo < spanish embargo
(= seizure, arrest) < embargar (= restrain, arrest) < vulgar latin *imbarrico
[inf. imbarricare] < in (= into) + *barra
(= bar, barrier).
embarrass < french embarrasser
(= to block) < italian imbarrazzo < imbarrare (= to bar) <
in-
(= into, upon) + vulgar latin *barra (= bar, barrier).
embassy < middle french embassee
(= mission, office of ambassador) < old french ambassee < italian ambasciata < old provençal ambaisada
(= office of ambassador) < gaulish
*ambactos
(= dependant).
embed < em-
(< french en- < latin in
(= into)) + bed (< old
english bedd (= bed)).
embellish < middle english embellish
< old french embellir
(= make beautiful) < en-
(< latin in (= into)) + bel (= beautiful) (<
latin bellus (= handsome)).
ember < old english æmerge
(= ember) < proto-germanic *aim-uzjon- < *aima-(=
ashes) + *uzjo- (= to burn).
ember-days <
old english Ymbrendaeg (= 12 days of the year for
fasting and prayers) < ymbren
(< ymbryne (= course, anniversary) < ymb (= round) + ryne
(= course)) + dæg (= day).
emblem < latin emblema
(= inlaid ornamental work) < ancient
greek έμβλημα | emblēma (= insertion) < εμβάλλω | emballō (= to insert) < εν | en (= in) + βάλλω | ballō (= to throw).
embolism < middle english embolism
< old french embolisme
(= intercalation) < late
latin embolismus < late
ancient greek εμβολισμός |
embolismos (= intercalation) < έμβολος | embolos (= stopper, beak of a ship) < εμβάλλω | emballō (= to insert) < εν | en (= in) + βάλλω | ballō (= to throw).
embrace < middle english embrace
< old french embracier
(= clasp in the arms) < en- (< latin in
(= into)) + brace (= the arms) (< latin bracchium
(= an arm, a forearm) < ancient greek βραχίων
| brakhiōn (= an arm) < βραχύς | brakhys (= short)).
embroider < middle english embroider
< anglo-french enbrouder < en- (< latin in
(= into)) + broisder (= embroider) (< frankish *brozdon < proto-germanic *bruzdajan).
embryo < middle english embryo
< medieval latin
embryo
< ancient greek έμβρυον
| embryon (= foetus) < εν | en (= in) + βρύω | bryō (= swell).
emerald < middle english emeraude < old french esmeraude
< medieval latin esmaraldus < latin smaragdus
< ancient greek σμάραγδος | smaragdos (=
emerald) < semitic baraq
(= shine).
emerge < middle french émerger
< latin emergo [inf. emergere] (= bring
forth) < ex (= out)
+ mergo [inf. mergere] (= to sink).
emetic < french émétique
< latin emeticus < ancient greek εμετικός
| emetikos (= causing vomiting)
< emesis (= vomiting)
< εμώ | emō (= to vomit).
emigrate < latin emigratus,
past participle of emigro [inf. emigrare] (= move away) < ex (= out) + migro
[inf. migrare] (= to move).
Emil < german Emil < french Emilé < latin Aemilius
< aemulus (=
rivaling).
eminence < middle english eminence < old french
eminence < latin eminentia (= a
distinctive feature) < eminens,
present participle of emineo [inf. eminere] (= to project)
< ex (= out) + mineo
[inf. minere] (= to raise).
emirate < emir < arabic
amir (= commander).
emit < latin emitto
[inf. emittere] (= send forth)
< ex (= out) + mitto [inf. mittere]
(= to send).
Emma < german Emma < Erma < Ermentrude
< old high german
Ermentrudis < ermin (= whole) + trut
(= dear).
Emmanuel < ancient greek Εμμανουήλ
| Emmanouēl < hebrew ‘Immanu’el (= God with us) < ‘immanu
(= with us) (< ‘im
(= with)) + El (= God).
emoji < japanese emoji [1999] < e (=
picture) + moji (= character).
emollient < french émollient
< latin emolliens,
present participle of emollio [inf. emollire] (= soften) < ex (= out) + mollio
[inf. mollire] (= soften) (< mollis (= soft)).
emolument < middle english emolument
< old french émolument (= advantage) < latin
emolumentum (= gain) <
emolo [inf. emolere] (= grind out) < ex (= out) + molo [inf. molere]
(= to grind).
emotion < middle french émotion
< old french emouvoir
(= stir up) < latin emoveo [inf. emovere] (=
move out) < ex (=
out) + moveo [inf. movere] (= to move).
empathy < ancient greek εμπάθεια | empathoea
(= passion) < εν | en (= in)
+ πάθος | pathos (=
strong feeling) (< πάσχω |
paskhō (= suffer, ail)).
emperor < middle english emperor < old french
empereor < latin
imperator (= commander,
emperor) < imparo [inf. imperare] (= to command) < in (=
into) + paro [inf. parare] (= prepare).
emphasis < latin emphasis < ancient greek έμφασις
| emphasis (= significance) <
εμφαίνω | emphaenō (= to exhibit) < εν | en (= in) + φαίνω | phaenō
(= to show).
empire < middle english empire < old french
empire < latin
imperium (= a command, authority, dominion) < imparo [inf. imperare] (= to
command) < in (=
into) + paro [inf. parare] (= prepare).
employ < middle english employ
< old french emploiier
(= make use of, apply) < latin implico
[inf. implicare] (= enfold, involve)
< in (= into) + plico [inf. plicare]
(= to fold).
emporium < latin emporium < ancient greek εμπόριον
| emporion (= trading place) <
έμπορος | emporos (= merchant) < εν | en (= in) + πόρος | poros
(= passage).
empty < middle english empty
< old english æmettig (= at leisure,
not occupied) < æmetta
(= leisure).
emulation < middle french émulation
< latin aemulatio (= competition) < aemulo [inf. aemulari] (=
to rival) < aemulus
(= rivaling).
emulsion < french émulsion
< latin emulsus,
past participle of emulgeo [inf. emulgere] (= to milk out) < ex (= out) + mulgeo
[inf. mulgere] (= to milk).
enamel < middle english enamel
< anglo-french enamailler < en
(= in) + amailler < old french esmailler < esmal
(= enamel) < frankish *smalt < proto-germanic *smaltjan (= to smelt).
enchant < middle english enchant
< old french enchanter (= bewitch, charm) < latin incanto [inf.
incantare] (= to enchant) <
in-
(= into) + canto [inf. cantare] (= to sing).
encomium < late latin encomium < ancient greek εγκώμιον
[μέλος]
| egkōmion [melos] (= laudatory [ode]) < εγκώμιον, neuter of εγκώμιος | egkōmios (= complementary)
< εν
| en (= in) + κώμος | kōmos (= procession,
merrymaking).
encore < french encore
(= still, again, also) < vulgar latin 1. *hinc ad horam
(= from then to [this] hour) or 2. in
hanc horam (= to this hour) < latin hinc (= from here, from then) / ad
(= to) / hora (= hour) / hanc,
accusative of haec, female of hic (= this).
encounter < middle english encounter < old french encontre
(= meeting) < encontre (= against) < late latin incontra
(= in front of) < latin
in (= into) + contra (= against).
encrypt < ancient greek εν | en (= in) + κρυπτός | kryptos (=
hidden) (< κρύπτω | kryptō (= to hide).
encyclopedia < french encyclopédie< modern latin
encyclopaedia < ancient greek εγκυκλοπαιδεία |
egkyklopaedoea < εγκύκλιος παιδεία | egkyklios paedoea
(= general education) < εγκύκλιος (=
into the circle) (< εν | en (= in) + κύκλος |
kyklos (= circle)) + παιδεία (= education) (<
παιδεύω |
paedevō (= educate) < παις | paes [gen. παιδός |
paedos] (= child).
end < old english ende
< proto-germanic *andiaz
{> old norse endir, dutch einde, german Ende}
< I.E. *antjo
(= end, boundary) < *ant-
(= front).
endeavor < middle english endeavor
< [put] in dever
(= make it one's duty) < old french [mettre] en deveir (= [put] in duty) < old french dever
(= duty) < latin debeo
[inf. debere] (= to owe) < de (= off, away) + habeo
[inf. habere] (= hold, have).
endemic < ancient greek ένδημος | endēmos (= of the community) < εν | en
(= in) + δήμος | dēmos (= people, community).
endorse < middle english endosse
< old french endosser
(= to put on the back) < en (= in) + dos
(= back) (< latin dossum < dorsum (=
back)).
endow < middle english indowen
< anglo-french endover < en- (= in) + old
french douer (= endow)
< latin doto [inf. dotare] (= to endow) <
dos [gen. dotis] (= marriage portion).
endue < middle english endue
< old french enduire / induire
(= lead) < latin induco [inf. inducere] (= to lead) < in (= into) + duco [inf. ducere] (= to lead).
endure < middle english endure
< old french endurer (= harden) < latin induro
[inf. indurare] (= harden) < in (= into) + duro
[inf. durare] (= harden) (<
durus (= hard)).
enemy < middle english enemy
< old french enemi < inimi
(= enemy, demon) < latin inimicus (= an enemy) < in- (= not) + amicus
(= friend).
energy < middle french énergie
< late latin energia < ancient greek ενέργεια |
energoea (= activity, action) < ενεργός |
energos (= active) < εν | en (= in) + έργον | ergon (= work, action).
engage < middle english engage
< old french engagier (= to pledge) < en gage (= under pledge) < en (= in) + gage (= pledge) (< proto-germanic
*wadiare
(= pledge)).
engine < middle english engine
< old french engin (= skill, trick, war machine) < latin ingenium
(= ability, inborn character, war engine) <
in
(= in) + gigno [inf. gignere] (= give birth).
England < old english Engla
land (= land of Angles) < Engle (= Angles) + land
(= ground, soil, territory) (<
proto-germanic *landja-).
English < old
english Englisc (= of the Angles) < Engle (= Angles).
enhance < middle english anhaunsen
< anglo-french enhauncer
< old french enhaucier (= make greater or higher) < vulgar latin *
inaltio [inf. inaltiare] < late latin inalto
[inf. inaltare] (= raise) < in
(= into) + alto [inf. altare] (=
make high) (< altus (= high)).
enigma < middle english enigmate
< latin aenigma
(= riddle) < ancient greek
αίνιγμα |
aenigma (= riddle) < αινίσσομαι | aenissomae (= speak obscurely) < αίνος | aenos (= tale, story).
enjoy < middle english enjoy
< old french enjoir (= to give joy) < en- (= in) + joir
(= enjoy) (< latin gaudo [inf. gaudere] (= rejoice)).
enormous < latin enormis
(= irregular, extraordinary) < ex
(= out) + norma (= rule, norm).
enough < middle english enough
< old english genog (= sufficient) < proto-germanic *ganog
(= sufficient).
ensemble < french ensemblée
(= all the parts) < late
latin insimul (= at the same time)
< latin in (= into) + simul (= together, at the
same time).
ensue < middle english ensue
< old french ensivre (= come afterward) < late latin insequo
[inf. insequere] < latin insequor [inf. insequi] (= follow after) < in (= into) + sequo [inf. sequi] (= follow).
enter < middle english entren
< old french entrer
(= go in) < latin intro
[inf. intrare] (= go in) < intra (= within).
enterprise < middle english enterprize
< old french enterprise (= an undertaking), female
past participle of entreprendre (= undertake) <
entre-
(< latin inter (= between)) + prendre
(= take) (< latin pre(he)ndo [inf. pre(he)ndere] (= to seize) (< prae- (= before) + -hendo
[inf. -hendere] (= to seize)).
entertain < middle english entertain
< old french entretenir (= hold together,
support) < entre- (< latin inter
(= between)) + tenir (= hold) (< latin teneo [inf. tenere] (= hold)).
enthusiasm < middle french enthousiasme
< late latin enthusiasmus < ancient greek ενθουσιασμός | enthoussiasmos (= divine inspiration, ecstasy) < ενθουσιάζω | enthoussiazō
(= be inspired by a god) < ένθεος
| entheos (= divinely inspired) < εν | en (= in) + θεός | theos (= god).
entire < middle english entire
< old french entier (= whole) < latin integrum, neuter of integer
(= complete) < in- (= not) + tango
[inf. tangere] (= to touch).
entity < late latin entitas < ens [gen. entis] (= a thing, being) < esse (= to be), infinitive of sum
(= I am).
enthalpy < ancient greek ενθάλπω
| enthalpō (= to warm in) < εν | en (= in) + θάλπω | thalpō (= to heat) (< θάλπος | thalpos (= warmth)).
entropy < german Entropie
< ancient greek εντροπία
| entropia (= a turning toward) < εν | en (= in) + τροπή | tropē (= turning) (< τρέπω | trepō (= to turn)).
enunciate < latin enunciatus
/ enuntiatus,
past participle of enuntio [inf. enuntiare]
(= speak out) < ex
(= out) + nuntio [inf. nuntiare]
(= to announce) (< nuntius (= messenger)).
envelop < middle english envolupen
< old french envoleper
(= fold up) < en-
(= in) + voloper (= fold).
environ < middle english environ
< old french environer (= to surround) < environ
(= round about) < en-
(= in) + viron (= circle) (<
virer
(= to turn)).
envoy < french envoyé
(= messenger), past participle of envoyer (= to send) < vulgar latin *invio
[inf. inviare] (= send on a way) < latin in
(= on, in) + via (= road).
envy < middle english envy
< old french envie (= jealousy) < latin invidia
(= jealousy) < invidus
(= envious) < invideo [inf. invidere] (= envy, hate) < in- (= on, in) + video
[inf. videre] (= see).
enzyme < german Enzym
< medieval greek ένζυμος | enzymos (= leavened, kneaded) < ancient greek εν | en (= in) + ζύμη | zymē (= leaven).
eon < late latin aeon < ancient greek αιών
| aeōn (= age, a lifetime, eternity) < I.E. *aiw-
(= vital force, long life, eternity).
epaulet < epaulette
< french épaulette
(= epaulet), a diminutive of épaule (= shoulder) < old french espaule
< medieval latin spatula
(= shoulder blade) < latin
spatula
(= splint), a diminutive of spatha < ancient greek σπάθη | spathē (= broad sword).
epeiric < ancient greek ήπειρος
| ēpoeros (= mainland, continent) < I.E. *apero-
(= shore).
Ephraim < ancient greek
Ε(υ)φραίμ | E(f)phraem < hebrew Ephrajim
(= productive, fertile) < parah (= was fruitful).
epic < middle french épique
< latin epicus < ancient greek επικός | epikos < έπος | epos (= tale, story, heroic poem).
epidemic < french épidémique < épidemié (= epidemic disease) < medieval latin epidemia < ancient greek επιδημία
| epidēmia (= a stay in a place, epidemic
disease) < επί | epi (= on, upon) + δήμος | dēmos (= people, community).
epigram < middle english epigramme
< old french épigramme < latin epigramma
(= inscription) < ancient greek
επίγραμμα
| epigramma (= inscription on a tomb) < επιγράφω | epigraphō (= write on) < επί
| epi (= on) + γράφω | graphō (= write, draw).
epigraph < ancient greek επιγραφή
| epigraphē (= inscription) < επιγράφω | epigraphō (= write on) < επί | epi (= on) + γράφω | graphō (= write, draw).
epilepsy < middle french epilepsie
< late latin epilepsia < ancient greek επιληψία |
epilēpsia (= epilepsy) < επίληπτος |
epilēptos (= epileptic) < επιλαμβάνω
| epilambanō (= seize upon) < επί | epi (= on, upon) + λαμβάνω | lambanō (= take).
epilogue < middle english epilogue
< middle french epilogue < latin epilogus < ancient greek επίλογος | epilogos (= conclusion) <
επί
| epi (= on) + λόγος | logos (= a speaking) (< λέγω | legō (= speak)).
epiphany < middle english epiphany
< old french epiphanie < late latin
epiphania
< late ancient greek επιφάνεια
| epiphanoea (= manifestation) < επιφανής | epiphanēs (= manifest, conspicuous) < επιφαίνω | epiphaenō (= to manifest, show off) < επί | epi (= on) + φαίνω | phaenō (= to show).
episcopal < middle english episcopal
< middle french épiscopal < late latin episcopalis < episcopus < ancient
greek επίσκοπος |
episkopos (= watcher, overseer,
bishop) {> french évêque, italian vescovo, spanish
obispo, old high german biscof}
< επί |
epi (= on, upon) + σκοπός |
skopos (= watcher) (< σκέπτομαι |
skeptomae (= watch, examine, think)).
episode < french épisode
< ancient greek επεισόδιον | epoesodion (= an episode), neuter of επεισόδιος | epoesodios (= coming in besides) < επί | epi (= on) + είσοδος | oesodos (= entrance) (< εις
| oes (= into) + ‘οδός | hodos (= way, road).
epitaph < middle english epitaph
< old french epitaphe < medieval latin
epitaphium
< ancient greek επιτάφιον
| epitaphion (= funeral oration), neuter
of επιτάφιος
[λόγος] | epitaphios [loghos] (= funeral
[speaking]) < επί | epi (= on) + τάφος | taphos (= grave).
epoch < epocha
< medieval latin epocha < ancient greek εποχή
| epokhē (= fixed point of time) < επέχω | epekhō (= take up a position) < επί | epi (= on) + έχω | ekhō (= have).
equal < middle english equal
< latin aequalis (= identical, equal) < aequus (= level, flat).
equator < middle english equator
< medieval latin aequator [diei et noctis] (= equalizer [of day and night]) < latin
aequo
[inf. aequare] (= make equal) < aequus (= level, flat).
equestrian < latin equester
[gen. equestris] (= of a horseman) < eques (= horseman) <
equus
(= horse) < I.E. *ekwo- (= horse).
equilibrium < latin aequilibrium
(= a horizontal position) < aequilibris
(= level, horizontal) < aequus
(= level, equal) + libra (= a balance).
equinox < middle english equinox
< old french equinoce / medieval latin
equinoxium
(= equality of night) < latin
aequinoctium
< aequus (= level, equal) +
nox
[gen. noctis] (= night).
equipment < [1. equip + -ment
or 2. french équipement] < middle french
équiper
(= fit out) < old french
esquiper
(= fit out a ship) < (?) old norse skipa (= arrange, fit out
a ship) < skip (= ship).
era < aera
< late latin aera
/ era
(= an epoch from which time is reckoned) < latin aera
(= counters for calculation), plural of aes [gen. aeris] (= brass, copper, money).
eradicate < middle english eradicate
< latin eradicatus, past participle of eradico
[inf.eradicare] (= extirpate) < ex (= out) + radix
[gen. radicis] (= root).
erase < latin erasus,
past participle of erado [inf. eradere] (=
shave, remove) < ex
(= out) + rado [inf. radere] (=
to scrape).
Erasmus < latin Erasmus
(= beloved) < ancient greek
εράσμιος | erasmios (= lovely) < ερώ | erō (= to love).
erect < middle english erect
< latin erectus, past participle of erigo
[inf. erigere] (= raise up) < ex (= out) + rego
[inf. regere] (= to direct).
ergonomics < ancient greek έργον | ergon (= work) + economics (< ancient
greek οικονομικός |
oekonomikos (= of economy) < οικονομία | oekonomia (= household management) < οικονόμος | oekonomos (= manager) < οίκος | oekos (= house) + νόμος | nomos (= managing) (< νέμω | nemō (= manage))).
Eric < old norse Eirikr
< proto-germanic *aiza-
(= honor) + *rik- (= ruler).
Ernest < french Ernest
(= earnest, serious) < proto-germanic *er-n-os-ti-
{> old high german Ernust / german Ernst (= earnestness)}.
Eros < middle english Eros
< ancient greek Έρως | Erōs, the god of love < έρως | erōs (= love) < ερώ | erō
(= to love).
erotic < french érotique
< ancient greek ερωτικός
| erōtikos (= referring to love) < έρως | erōs [gen. έρωτος |
erōtos) (= love).
errand < old english ærende
(= message, mission) < proto-germanic
*airundija-
(= message, errand).
err < middle english err <
old french errer (= go astray) < latin erro
[inf. errare] (= wander, be in error).
errant < middle english errant
< anglo-french erraunt < 1. old french errant, past participle of errer
(= go astray) < latin erro
[inf. errare] (= wander, be in error)
or 2. old french errant, present participle of errer
(= to travel, wander) < late
latin itero [inf. iterare] < latin iter
(= journey) < ire, infinitive of eo (=
go).
error < errour
< old french error (= mistake) < latin error
(= a wandering, mistake) < erro [inf. errare] (= wander, be in error).
erudite < middle english erudite
< latin eruditus, past participle of erudio
[inf. erudire] (= educate) < ex (= out) + rudis
(= rough, unlearned).
erupt < latin eruptus,
past participle of erumpo [inf. erumpere]
(= to break out) < ex
(= out) + rumpo [inf. rumpere] (=
to break).
escalade < middle french escalade
< italian scalata,
female past participle of scalare (= to climb by a ladder) < scala (= ladder) < latin scando
[inf. scandere] (= to climb).
escape < middle english escape
< old french esc(h)aper < vulgar
latin *excappo [inf. excappare]
(= get out) < latin ex (= out) + late latin cappa
(= mantle).
eschew < middle english eschew
< old french eschiver (= avoid) < frankish *skiuhan
(= dread, shun) < proto-germanic
*skeukhwaz.
escort < middle french escorte
< italian scorta
(= a guiding) < scorgere (= to guide) <
vulgar latin *excorrigo [inf. excorrigere] < latin
ex
(= out) + corrigo [inf. corrigere]
(= put straight) < com (=
with, together) + rego [inf. regere] (=
lead straight, rule).
Eskimo < danish Eskimo
/ middle french Esquimaux < (?) algonquian 1.
eskimants
(= eats raw [meat]) [< eski (= raw) + mants (= he eats)] or 2. askimo
/ ashkimeq (= eaters of
raw [meat]) [< proto-algonquian *ask- (= raw) + *-imo
(= eat)] or 3. (= snowshoe-netter).
[Their native name is Inuit, plural
of inuk (= human)].
Esmerelda < spanish Esmerelda
(= emerald) < medieval latin esmaraldus < latin smaragdus
< ancient greek σμάραγδος | smaragdos (=
emerald) < semitic baraq
(= shine).
esophagus < middle english oesophagus
< ancient greek οισοφάγος
| oesophagos (= gullet) < οίσω | oesō, future tense of φέρω
| pherō (= to carry) + -φάγος
| -phagos (< stem φάγ- | phag- of έφαγον |
ephagon, past tense of εσθίω | esthiō (= eat)).
esoteric < ancient greek εσωτερικός
| esōterikos (= of inner place) < εσωτέρω | esōterō (= more within), comparative of έσω
| esō (= within).
especial < middle english especial
< old french especial (= important) < latin specialis
(= of particular kind) < species (= kind, species).
espionage < french espionnage
(= spying) < middle french
espionner
(= to spy) < espion (= a spy) < (?)
old italian spione (= a spy) < proto-germanic
*spehon-.
esplanade < french esplanade
< spanish esplanada,
female past participle of esplanar (= make level) < latin explano
[inf. explanare] (= flatten) < ex (= out) + planus
(= flat).
espresso < italian [caffe] espresso < espresso, past participle
of esprimere (= press out) < latin exprimo
exprimere] (= press out) < ex (= out) + premo
[inf. premere] (= to press).
esprit < middle french esprit
(= spirit, mind) < old french
espirit
(= spirit, soul) < latin spiritus
(= spirit).
esquire < middle english esquire
< middle french esquier (= squire) < old french escuier
(= shield-bearer) < medieval latin
scutarius
(= guardsman) < scutum
(= shield).
essay < middle french essai
(= trial, attempt, essay) < late
latin exagium (= a weight) <
latin exigo [inf. exigere] (=
drive out, try) < ex
(= out) + ago [inf. agere] (= drive, lead, act).
essence < middle english essencia
< latin essentia
(= being, essence) < esse (= to be), infinitive of sum
(= I am).
Essex < old
english East-Seaxe (= East Saxons).
establish < middle english establish
< old french establir (= set up, erect) < latin stabilio
[inf. stabilire] (= make stable) < stabilis (= stable).
estate < middle english estate
< old french estat (= state, position) < latin status
(= state, position, place) < sto [inf. stare] (= to stand).
Esther < ancient greek Εσθήρ
| Esthēr < hebrew Ester < persian sitareh
(= star).
estimate < latin aestimatus
(= determine a value) < aestimo [inf. aestimare] (= to value).
etagere < french étagère
< étage
(= shelf, story) < vulgar
latin *staticum < latin
statio
(= station, post) < sto [inf. stare] (= to stand).
etc. < middle english etc.
< latin et cetera (= and the others) < et (= and) + cetera,
neuter plural of ceterus (= the other).
etch < dutch etsen < german ätzen
(= to etch) < old high german azzon
(= to feed).
eternal < middle english eternal
< old french eternel (= eternal) / late
latin aeternalis < latin
aeternus
(= lasting, endless) < aeviternus (= of great age) < aevum (= age).
Ethan < hebrew ethan
(= strong, permanent).
Ethel < a shortening of
old english Etheldred / Ethelinda < æðele (= noble) + bryht
(= bright).
ether < middle english ether
< old french ether < latin aether
(= upper air, firmament) < ancient
greek αιθήρ | aethēr (= upper air) < αίθω | aethō (= to burn).
ethic < middle english ethik
< old french etique
(= ethics) < late latin
ethica < ancient greek ηθική [φιλοσοφία] | ēthikē [philosophia] (= moral [philosophy]) < ηθική, female of ηθικός |
ēthikos (= ethical) < ήθος | ēthos (= moral character).
Ethiop < middle english Ethiop
< latin Aethiops (= Ethiopian) < ancient greek Αιθίοψ |
Aethiops (= Ethiopian, “sun-burned”)
< αίθω | aethō (= to burn) + *ωψ | ōps (= face).
ethnic < middle english ethnic
< late latin ethnicus < ancient greek εθνικός | ethnikos (= national) < έθνος | ethnos (= nation).
ethos < ancient greek ήθος | ēthos (= moral character, custom, [in plural]
manners).
etiology < aetiology
/ aitiology
< late latin aetiologia < ancient greek αιτιολογία |
aetiologia (= statement of cause) < αιτία | aetia (= cause) + λόγος | logos (= a speaking) (< λέγω | legō (= speak)).
etiquette < french étiquette
< old french estiquette
(= label, ticket) < estiquer (= stick on, attach) < frankish *stikkan < proto-germanic *stikken (= to be stuck).
Etna < latin Aetna < sicilian *aith-na (= the fiery one) < I.E. *ai-dh-
< *ai-(2) (= to burn).
Etta < a shortening of
Henrietta
< french Henriette, female of Henri
< latin Henricus < german Heinrich
< old german Heimerich < heim (= home) + rihhi
(= ruler).
etude < french étude
(= a study) < latin studium (= a study) < studeo
[inf. studere] (= to study).
etymology < middle english ethimolegia
< old french et(h)imologie < latin etymologia < ancient greek ετυμολογία | etymologia < έτυμον |
etymon (= true sense, original meaning),
neuter of έτυμος |
etymos (= true) + -λογία | -logia (= study) (< λόγος | logos (= a speaking) < λέγω | legō (= speak)).
eucalyptus < modern latin eucalyptus
< ancient greek ευ | ef
(= well) + καλύπτω | kalyptō (= covered).
Eucharist < middle english Eucharist
< old french eucariste < late latin eucharistia < ancient greek
ευχαριστία | efkharistia (= thanksgiving) < ευχάριστος | efkharistos (= grateful) < ευ | ef (= well) + χάρις | kharis (= favor, grace).
Euclidean < ancient greek Ευκλείδης
| Efkloedēs, ancient geometer < ευ | ef (= well) + κλέος |
kleos
(= fame).
Eugene < french Eugène < latin Eugenius < ancient greek Ευγένιος
| Evgenios < ευγενής | evgenēs (=
nobleman, gentle) < ευ | ef, ev
(= well) + γένος |
genos
(= parentage).
eulogy < middle english eulogy
< latin eulogium < ancient greek ευλογία | evlogia (= praise, good language, blessing)) < ευ | ef, ev (= well) + λόγος | logos (= a speaking) (< λέγω | legō (= speak)).
eunuch < middle english eunuch
< middle french eunuque < latin eunuchus < ancient greek ευνούχος
| evnoukhos (= castrated man) < ευνή | evnē (= bed) + έχω | ekhō (= have).
euphemism < ancient greek ευφημισμός
| efphēmismos (= use of a favorable word
in place of an inauspicious one, superstitious avoidance of words of ill-omen during
religious ceremonies), < ευφημίζω | efphēmizō (= speak with fair words) < ευ | ef (= well) + φήμη
| phēmē (= voice, fame).
euphoria < ancient greek ευφορία
| efphoria (= ebullience) < εύφορος | efphoros (= fertile) < ευ
| ef (= well) + φέρω | pherō (= to carry).
Euphrates < old
english Eufrate < ancient
greek Ευφράτης | Efphratēs <
(?) 1. akkadian Ufratu < u (= much) + pratu
(= wide) or 2. old persian Ufratu < avestan huperethuua
< hu- (= good) + peretu-
(= ford).
eureka < ancient greek εύρηκα
| evrēka (= I have found), perfect tense
of ευρίσκω
| evriskō (= find) [shouted by Archimedes,
when he solved a difficult problem].
Euro < European
[currency] (1996) < Europe
(q.v.).
Europe < latin
Europa
< ancient greek Ευρώπη
| Evrōpē < 1. ευρύς | evrys (= wide)
+ *ωψ
| ōps [gen. ωπός | ōpos]
(= face, eye) or 2. phoenician ‘ereb (= evening) / akkadian
erebu
(= go down, set), hence “west”.
Eustachian tube < italian [Bartolomeo] Eustachio, a doctor [who discovered
this tube in the head] < latin Eustachius < ancient greek Εύσταχος | Efstakhos < ευ | ef (= well) + στάχυς | stakhys (= ear of grain).
euthanasia < ancient greek ευθανασία |
efthanasia < ευ | ef (= well) + θάνατος
| thanatos (= death).
Euxine < latin [Pontus] Euxinus < ancient greek Εύξεινος [πόντος] | Efxoenos [pontos] (= hospitable [sea]) (< ευ | ef (= well) + ξένος | ksenos (= host, guest, stranger)), an euphemism for [the dangerous,
for the ships, Black Sea with the original name] Άξεινος [πόντος] | Axoenos [pontos] (= inhospitable [sea]) < (?) old persian axshaina
/ akhshaena
(= dark) [a similar-sounding with ancient
greek άξεινος | αxoenos], the name for
this sea, because of its dangerous waves or its black color in the bottom.
evacuate < latin evacuatus,
past participle of evacuo [inf. evacuare]
(= to empty) < ex (= out) + vacuus (= vacant).
evaluation < french évaluation
< évaluer
(= find the value) < é-
(< latin ex (= out)) + valuer (<
latin valeo [inf. valere] (=
be strong, be healthy)).
Evan < welsh
Evan
(= John) [(?) by influence of welsh ieuanc (= young man) < celtic *yowanko-].
evanescent < french évanescent < latin evanescens
[gen. evanescentis], present participle
of evanesco
[inf. evanescere] (= disappear) < ex (= out) + vanesco
[inf. vanescere] (= to vanish) (< vanus
(= empty)).
evangel < middle english evangel
< old french evangile < late latin evangelium < ancient greek ευαγγέλιον | evanggelion < ευαγγελίζομαι | evanggelizomae (= bring good news) < ευ | ef, ev (= good) + αγγέλω | anggellō (= announce)
(< άγγελος | anggelos (= messenger)).
evade < middle french evader < latin evado
[inf. evadere] (= to escape) < ex (= away) + vado
[inf. vadere] (= go, walk).
Eve < ancient greek Εύα | Eva < hebrew Hawwah
(= a living being, life) < hawa (= he lived).
evection < late latin evectio
(= a carrying upward) < latin eveho
[inf. evehere] < ex (= out) + veho [inf. vehere] (= to carry).
Evelyn < 1. Eve
(< ancient greek Εύα | Eva <
hebrew Hawwah (= a living being,
life) < hawa (= he lived)) or 2. french
Aveline < old high german Avelina < Avila < avi (=
(?) desired).
even < old english efen
(= level, equal, like, calm) < proto-germanic
*ebna-.
evening < old english æfnung
(= sunset) < æfnian (= become evening)
< æfen (= evening) <
proto-germanic *æbando-.
event < middle french event < latin eventus
(= occurrence, fortune) < evenio
[inf. evenire] (= come out, happen) < ex (= out) + venio
[inf. venire] (= come).
ever < old english æfre
(= ever, always) < (?) a in feore (= ever in life).
Everest < [George] Everest, a Welsh surveyor and geographer in India
(< french Devereux < Evereux, a place in
France < celtic name of a tribe (in latin Eburovices)
< Ebura,
a river).
every < middle english every
< old english æfre ælc (= ever each).
evict < middle english evict
< latin evictus, past participle of evinco
[inf. evincere] (= conquer, vanquish) < ex (= out) + vinco
[inf. vincere] (= conquer).
evident < middle english evident
< old french evident < latin evidens
[gen. evidentis] (= obvious, apparent)
< ex
(= out) + videns, present participle of video [inf. videre] (= see).
evil < old english yfel
(= bad, wicked) < proto-germanic *ubilaz < I.E. *upelo- < *wap- (= bad, evil).
evoke < french évoquer
< latin evoco [inf. evocare] (= call out) <
ex
(= out) + voco [inf. vocare] (=
to call).
evolution < latin evolutio
(= unrolling) < evolvo
[inf. evolvere] (= to unroll) < ex (= out) + volvo
[inf. volvere] (= to roll).
ewe < old english eowu,
female of eow (= sheep) < proto-germanic
*awi
< I.E. *owi-
(= sheep).
exact < latin exactus
(= accurate) < exigo [inf. exigere] (=
drive out, try) < ex
(= out) + ago [inf. agere] (= drive, lead, act).
exalt < middle english exalt
< old french exalter < latin exalto [inf. exaltare] (= raise) < ex
(= out) + altus (= high).
examine < middle english examine
< old french examiner (= interrogate) < latin examino
[inf. examinare] (= to test, consider) < examen [gen. examinis] (= a means of weighing) <
(?) exigo
[inf. exigere] (= drive out, try) < ex (= out) + ago
[inf. agere] (= drive, lead, act).
example < middle english example
< essample / asaumple < old french essemple (= sample, model) < latin exemplum
(= sample, image, model) < eximo
[inf. eximere] (= take out, free) < ex (= out) + emo
[inf. emere] (= take, buy).
excavate < latin excavatus,
past participle of excavo [inf. excavare]
(= to hollow out) < ex
(= out) + cavo [inf. cavare] (=
to hollow) (< cavus (= cave)).
exceed < middle english exceden
< old french exceder
(= surpass) < latin excedo
[inf. excedere] (= depart, go beyond) < ex (= out) + cedo
[inf. cedere] (= go).
excel < middle english excel
< latin excello [inf. excellere] (= to rise, surpass)
< ex (= out) + -cello [inf. -cellere] (= rise high).
excellent < middle english excellent
< old french excellent (= outstanding) < latin excellens
[gen. excellentis], present participle
of excello
[inf. excellere] (= to rise, surpass) < ex (= out) + -cello
[inf. -cellere] (= rise high).
excelsior < latin
excelsior
(= higher), comparative of excelsus, past participle of excello
[inf. excellere] (= to rise, surpass) < ex (= out) + -cello
[inf. -cellere] (= rise high).
except < middle english except
< middle french excepter < latin exceptus, past participle of excipio
[inf. excipere] (= take out) < ex (= out) + capio
[inf. capere] (= take, hold).
excerpt < middle english excerpt
< latin excerptus, past participle of excerpo
[inf. excerpere] (= extract) < ex (= out) + carpo
[inf. carpere] (= gather).
excess < middle english excess
< old french exces (= extravagance) < latin excessus
(= departure) < excedo
[inf. excedere] (= depart, go beyond) < ex (= out) + cedo
[inf. cedere] (= go).
excise < middle french exciser < latin excisus,
past participle of excido [inf. excidere]
(= cut out) < ex (= out) + caedo
[inf. caedere] (= cut down).
excite < middle english excite
< old french esciter < latin excito
[inf. excitare] (= rouse, call out)
< excio
[inf. exciere] (= call forth) < ex (= out) + cio
[inf. ciere] (= to move, call).
exclude < middle english exclude
< latin excludo [inf. excludere] (= keep out, shut out) < ex (= out) + claudo [inf. claudere] (= to close).
excrete < latin excretus,
past participle of excerno [inf. excernere]
(= sift out) < ex
(= out) + cerno [inf. cernere] (=
sift, separate).
excursion < latin excursio
(= expedition, excursion) < excurro [inf. excurrere] (= run out) <
ex
(= out) + curro [inf. currere] (=
to run).
excuse < middle english excuse
< old french escuser (= apologize) < latin
excuso
[inf. excusare] (= apologize) < ex (= out) + causa
(= accusation).
execrate < latin ex(s)ecratus, past participle of ex(s)ecror [inf. ex(s)ecrari] (= to curse, hate)
< ex (= out) + sacro [inf. sacrare] (= devote to).
execute < middle english execure
< old french executer < medieval latin executo [inf. executare] < latin
ex(s)equor [inf. ex(s)equi] (= to follow out) < ex (= out) + sequor [inf. sequi] (= follow).
exemplar < middle english exemplar
< old french exemplaire < late latin
exemplarium < latin exemplum
(= a copy, pattern).
exempt < middle english exempt
< old french exempt < latin exemptus,
past participle of eximo [inf. eximere] (=
take out, free) < ex
(= out) + emo [inf. emere] (=
take, buy).
exercise < middle english exercise
< old french exercice < latin exercitium (= training) < exercito [inf. exercitare] (= to train) < exerceo
[inf. exercere] (= keep at work, train) < ex (= out) + arceo
[inf. arcere] (= keep away).
exert < latin ex(s)ertus, past participle of ex(s)ero [inf. ex(s)erere] (= thrust out) <
ex
(= out) + sero [inf. serere] (=
attach).
exfoliate < late latin exfoliatus,
past participle of exfolio [inf. exfoliare]
(= strip of leaves) < ex
(= out) + folium (= leaf).
exhale < middle english exhale
< middle french exhaler < latin exhalo [inf. exhalare] (= breathe out) <
ex
(= out) + halo [inf. halare] (=
breathe).
exhaust < latin exhaustus,
past participle of exhaurio [inf. exhaurire]
(= take away, empty) < ex
(= out) + haurio [inf. haurire]
(= draw up).
exhibit < middle english exhibit
< latin exhibitus, past participle of exhibeo
[inf. exhibere] (= hold out,
show) < ex (= out) + habeo
[inf. habere] (= hold, have).
exhort < middle english exhort
< old french exhorer < latin exhortari
[inf. exhortari] (= exhort, encourage) < ex
(= out) + hortor [inf. hortari]
(= encourage).
exigence < middle english exigence
< middle french exigence < latin exigentia
(= urgency) < exigens [gen. exigentis],
present participle of exigo [inf. exigere] (= drive out, try) <
ex
(= out) + ago [inf. agere] (= drive, lead, act).
exile < middle english exile
< old french essillier (= exile, banish) < late latin ex(s)ilo [inf. ex(s)ilare] < latin
ex(s)ilium (= banishment) < ex(s)ul [gen. ex(s)ulis] (=
banished person).
existence < english existence
< old french existence < medieval latin ex(s)istentia < latin ex(s)istens [gen. ex(s)istentis],
present participle of ex(s)isto [inf. ex(s)istere]
(= stand forth, appear) < ex (= out) + sisto [inf. sistere] (= to stand) (<
sto [inf. stare] (= to stand)).
exit < latin exit
(= he goes out), third person of present tense of exeo [inf. exire] (= go out) < ex (= out) + eo [inf. ire] (= go).
exorcism < middle english exorcism
< late latin exorcismus < ancient greek εξορκισμός | exorkismos (= exorcism) < εξορκίζω | exorkizō (= exorcize) < εξ | ex (= out) + ‘ορκίζω | horkizō (= cause to swear) (< ‘όρκος
| horkos (= oath)).
exotic < middle french exotique
< latin exoticus < ancient greek εξωτικός | exōtikos (= foreign) <
έξω
| exō (= out, outside).
expand < middle english expand
< old french espandre (= spread out) < latin
expando
[inf. expandere] (= spread out) < ex (= out) + pando
[inf. pandere] (= to spread).
expatiate < latin ex(s)patiatus, past participle of ex(s)patior [inf. ex(s)patiari] (= wander) <
ex
(= out) + spatior [inf. spatiari]
(= to walk) (< spatium = space).
expatriate < french expatrier
(= banish) < ex- (= out) + patrie
(= native country) < latin
ex
(= out) + patria (= native country)
(< pater [gen. patris] (= father)).
expect < latin ex(s)pecto [inf. ex(s)pectare] (= await, desire)
< ex (= out) + specto [inf. spectare] (= to look) (< specio [inf. specere] (= look at)).
expedite < latin expeditus,
past participle of expedio [inf. expedire]
(= extricate, liberate) < ex
(= out) + *pedis (= fetter) (< pes [gen. pedis] (= foot)).
expend < middle english expend
< latin expendo [inf. expendere] (= pay out) <
ex
(= out) + pendo [inf. pendere] (=
to hang, pay).
expense < middle english expense
< anglo-french expense
/ old french espense < late latin expensa (= outlay) < latin expensa,
neuter plural past participle of expendo [inf. expendere] (= pay out) <
ex
(= out) + pendo [inf. pendere] (=
to hang, pay).
experience < middle english experience
< old french esperience < latin experientia (= trial, proof) < experiens [gen. experientis], present participle of experior
[inf. experiri] (= to try, test) < ex (= out) + peritus
(= experienced).
experiment < middle english experiment
< old french esperment < latin experimentum (= trial, proof) < experior
[inf. experiri] (= to try, test) < ex (= out) + peritus
(= experienced).
expert < middle english expert
< old french expert / espert (= experienced)
< latin expertus, past participle of experior
[inf. experiri] (= to try, test) < ex (= out) + peritus
(= experienced).
expiation < middle english expiation
< latin expiatio (= satisfaction) < expio [inf. expiare] (= atone for, make good) < ex (= out) + pio [inf. piare] (= propitiate) (< pius (= faithful)).
expire < middle english expire
< old french expirer (= expire) < latin ex(s)piro [inf. ex(s)pirare] (= breathe out, exhale) < ex (= out) + spiro [inf. spirare] (= to breathe).
explain < middle english explain
< latin explano [inf. explanare] (= flatten, make clear) < ex (= out) + planus (= flat).
expletive < middle french explétif
< late latin expletivus (= serving to fill out) < latin expleo
[inf. explere] (= fill out) < ex (= out) + pleo
[inf. plere] (= to fill).
explicate < latin explicatus,
past participle of explico [inf. explicare]
(= unfold, explain) < ex
(= out) + plico [inf. plicare] (=
to fold).
explode < latin explodo
[inf. explodere] (= drive out by clapping,
hoot off, reject) < ex
(= out) + plaudo [inf. plaudere]
(= to applaud).
exploit < middle english exploit
< old french esploit (= achievement) < latin explicitum
(= a thing settled) < explicitum, neuter of past participle
of explico
[inf. explicare] (= unfold, explain) < ex (= out) + plico
[inf. plicare] (= to fold).
explore < middle french explorer
< latin explore [inf. explorare] (= test with a cry for
hunting, search out) < ex
(= out) + ploro [inf. plorare] (=
to weep).
exponent < latin exponens
[gen. exponentis], present participle
of expono
[inf. exponere] (= expose, exhibit) < ex (= out) + pono
[inf. ponere] (= to put, place).
export < latin exporto
[inf. exportare] (= carry out) < ex (= out) + porto
[inf. portare] (= to carry).
expose < middle english expose
< old french exposer (= set forth, explain) < latin expono
[inf. exponere] (= expose, exhibit) < ex (= out) + pono
[inf. ponere] (= to put, place).
exposition < middle english exposition
< old french esposicion (= explanation) < latin expositio
(= narration) < expono [inf. exponere]
(= expose, exhibit) < ex
(= out) + pono [inf. ponere] (=
to put, place).
expound < middle english expound
< old french espondre (= set forth, explain) < latin expono
[inf. exponere] (= expose, exhibit) < ex (= out) + pono
[inf. ponere] (= to put, place).
express < middle english express
< old french expresser (= press, squeeze out, speak
one's mind) < medieval latin expresso [inf. expressare] (= to press out) <
latin ex (= out) + presso [inf. pressare] (= to press) (< latin premo
[inf. premere] (= to press)).
expurgate < latin expurgatus,
past participle of expurgo [inf. expurgare]
(= cleanse out, purify).
exquisite < middle english exquisite
< latin exquisitus (= choice) < exquiro [inf. exquirere] (= search out) < ex (= out) + quaero
[inf. quaerere] (= to seek).
extend < middle english extend
< old french estendre (= stretch out, extend) < latin extendo
[inf. extendere] (= stretch out, increase) < ex (= out) + tendo
[inf. tendere] (= to stretch).
extenuate < latin extenuatus,
past participle of extenuo [inf. extenuare]
(= make small, diminish) < ex
(= out) + tenuo [inf. tenuare] (=
make thin) (< tenuis (= thin)).
exterior < latin exterior
(= outward), comparative of exterus (= on the outside), comparative
of ex
(= out).
external < middle english external
< middle french externe < latin externus
(= outward) < exterus (= on the outside), comparative of ex (= out).
extinguish < latin ex(s)tinguo [inf. ex(s)tinguere] (= wipe out, obliterate) < ex (= out) + stinguo [inf. stinguere] (= quench).
extol < middle english extol
< latin extollo [inf. extollere] (= to raise, elevate) < ex (= out) + tollo [inf. tollere] (= to raise).
extort < latin extortus,
past participle of extorquo [inf. extorquere]
(= obtain by force) < ex
(= out) + torquo [inf. torquere]
(= to twist).
extra < latin
extra
(= outside of), comparative of ex (= out).
extract < middle english extract
< latin extractus, past participle of extraho
[inf. extrahere] (= draw out) < ex (= out) + traho
[inf. trahere] (= to draw).
extraordinary < middle english extraordinary
< latin extraordinarius (= out of the common
order) < extra ordinem
(= out of order) < extra
(= outside of) + ordinem, accusative of ordo (= rank, row).
extravagant < middle english exttavagant
< medieval latin extravagans [gen. extravagantis], present participle of extravagor
[inf. extravagari] (= wander outside) < latin extra
(= outside of) + vagor [inf. vagari] (=
wander).
extreme < middle english extreme
< old french extreme < latin extremus (= outermost, last, boundary),
superlative of exterus (= on the outside), comparative of ex (= out).
extricate < latin extricatus,
past participle of extrico [inf. extricare]
(= clear up, disentangle) < (?) ex (= out) + tricae (= perplexities).
extrinsic < french extrinsèque < latin extrinsecus
(= outwardly) < exter (= outside) + in (= into) + secus (= beside).
extrovert < german Extravert
< latin extra (= outside of) + verto
[inf. vertere] (= to turn).
exuberant < middle english exuberant
< middle french exubérant < latin exuberans
[gen. exuberantis], present participle
of exubero
[inf. exuberare] (= be abundant) < ex (= out) + ubero [inf. uberare] (=
be plentiful) (< uber (= abundant) < uber (= udder)).
exude < latin ex(s)udo
[inf. ex(s)udare] (= sweat out) < ex (= out) + sudo
[inf. sudare] (= to sweat) (<
sudor (= sweat)).
exult < middle french exulter < latin ex(s)ulto [inf. ex(s)ultare] (= rejoice, revel) < exsilio [inf. exsilire] (= leap up) < ex (= out) + salio
[inf. salire] (= to leap).
eye < middle english eye <
old english e(a)ge
(= eye, hole) < proto-germanic
*augon
{> swedish öga, danish øie, dutch oog, german
Auge} < I.E. *okw- (= see) {> latin oculus
(= eye)}.
eyelet < middle english oilet
< french oeillet, a diminutive of oeil
(= eye) < latin oculus (= eye) < I.E. *okw-
(= see).
Ezekiel < late latin Ezechiel < ancient greek Ιεζεκιήλ
| Iezekiēl < hebrew Yehezqel
(= God strengthens) < hazaq (= he strengthened)
+ El
(= God).
